脑干表皮样囊肿3例及文献复习

目的总结脑干表皮样囊肿的诊治经验。方法回顾性分析3例脑干表皮样囊肿病例的临床特点,均以肢体障碍、脑神经麻痹起病。均采用显微手术治疗,其中行右侧远外侧入路1例,行枕下后正中入路2例。结果病变均近全切除,术后无新发脑神经障碍、肢体偏瘫、共济失调等并发症。随访2例,结果良好;失访1例。结论脑干表皮样囊肿属于罕见的良性病变,多数以脑神经障碍起病,确诊需依靠病理。与一味追求全切除相比,相对保守的手术切除能给病人带来更良好的预后。

Epidermoid cyst in the brainstem:report of 3 cases and literature review

Objective To review the experiences with diagnosis and treatment of epidermoid cyst （EC） in the brain stem. Methods Clinical characteristics of brain stem EC were analyzed retrospectively in 3 patients. They all began with extremity dysfunction and cranial nerve palsy,and microsurgical operation was performed via right far-lateral approach in 1 patient and suboccipital approach in 2 patients. Results All the lesions were almost totally removed without postoperative complications such as new cranial nerve palsy,limb hemiplegia and ataxia. Good follow-up results were obtained in 2 patients and 1 was lost to follow-up. Conclusions Brain stem EC is a rare benign lesion,with onset of cranial nerve dysfunction in most patients,and can be confirmed by pathological diagnosis. Compared with radical removal,better prognosis can be achieved by relatively conservative resection.