胶体金免疫层析法检测乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原

目的建立一种简易快速、自测式胶体金免疫层析法（ＧＩＣＡ）用于检测血清中乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原（ＨＢｓＡｇ）。方法采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备胶体金颗粒、标记乙型肝炎病毒表面抗体（抗ＨＢｓ），制成免疫层析检测试条。血清中ＨＢｓＡｇ与测试条上金标记抗体结合后沿着硝酸纤维素膜移动，与膜上的固相抗体结合形成肉眼可见的红色线条。结果ＧＩＣＡ试条只与ＨＢｓＡｇ有特异性反应，与乙型肝炎病毒核心抗原、ｅ抗原等无交叉反应。检测中国药品生物制品检定所ＨＢｓＡｇ标准品，灵敏度可达１ｎｇ／ｍｌ。用ＧＩＣＡ与酶免疫法比较检测了３９５份不同血清标本中ＨＢｓＡｇ，两法符合率为９９．０％。结论ＧＩＣＡ检测血清中的ＨＢｓＡｇ特异性强、灵敏度高、简便快速，无需特殊仪器设备，有广泛应用价值。

Gold-immunochromatography assay for hepatitis B virus surface antigen

Objective A sensitive, rapid, simple and selfperforming gold immunochromatography assay (GICA) was developed for hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) in sera. Methods Colloidal golds were coupled with monoclonal anti-HBs to prepare an GICA apparatus. The gold anti-HBs conjugate reacts with HBsAg in serum and migrates up the nitrocellose strip on which anti HBs was immobilized, thus producing the detection reaction. Results 395 sera of patients and healthy people were detected for HBsAg by GICA and EIA.The corresponding rate of both tests was 99.0%. The sensitivity of GICA was 1 ng/ml by detecting HBsAg panel from the National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products. Conclusion GICA is a sensitive, specific, simple and rapid assay for detecting HBsAg.