364例白裤瑶族麻风流行病学调查分析

目的　探讨麻风病在一个民族内的流行规律及其防治特点。方法　利用广西和贵州两省三县 195 2～ 2 0 0 1年白裤瑶族麻风流行病学调查资料进行统计分析。结果　①在白裤瑶族总人口 2 .9万人中 ,累计发现麻风病 36 4例 ,积累患病率 13 .2 5‰ ,最高年段 ( 195 2～ 195 6年 )麻风发病率为 12 9.15 /10万 ;②患者分布于 130个屯 ,屯患率为 48.5 1% ;③有麻风病的家庭 2 73户 ,户患率为 5 .77% ,有 2例以上的多发麻风家庭 6 1户 ,占 2 2 .34% ;④发现病人病期平均 6 .2 4年 ,病人男女比值为 1.10。结论　白裤瑶族有较高的麻风发病率和患病率 ,分布广 ,家庭内发病较高 ,女性患病率比男性高 ,也比其他民族女性高 ,发现病人病期较长 ,具有明显的民族流行特征。

Epidemiological investigation on leprosy in aults of BaikuYao nationality: a report of 364 cases

Objective To make a research on the epidemic rules of leprosy and the characteristics of its prophylaxis and the treatment within a nationality.Methods The data of epidemiological investigation on leprosy in adults of BaikuYao nationality in three counties of Guangxi and Guizhou provinces were statistically analyzed.Results ① The total population of BaikuYao nationality was 29,000, 364 of them were found with leprosy, the cumulative morbidity rate was 13.25‰, and the incidence rate in the peak year (1952～1956) was 129.15/100,000. ② The distribution of the patients were in 130 tun (a kind of unit of rural inhabitants), per tun sickness rate was 48.51%. ③ 273 families had suffered from leprosy; per family sickness rate was 5.77%. There were 61 families which had more than two lepers, making up of 22.34% of the total leper families. ④ The mean sickness time of the lepers was 6.24 years.Conclusions BaikuYao nationality had higher incidence rate and wide distribution of leprosy. The females had higher sickness rate than males and females of other groups. This disease lasted long and had evident national spreading traits.