环境线索对戒断期海洛因依赖者神经电生理的影响

目的 了解戒断期海洛因依赖者暴露在吸毒相关环境线索下神经电生理指标的变化特点.方法 采用自身配对设计,指导382例戒断康复期的海洛因依赖者进行放松训练后,观看吸毒相关视频及展示的海洛因模拟物及吸毒用具,同时采用多导联生物反馈仪记录环境线索暴露前后神经电生理指标,评估暴露前后的心理渴求程度,分析心理渴求程度及神经电生理各指标的变化特点.结果 (1)海洛因相关环境线索暴露后,心理渴求程度较暴露前增加暴露前:(18±22)mm;暴露后:(29±29)mm],肌电暴露前:(12±7)μV;暴露后:(14±10)μV]及皮肤导电性暴露前:(6.8±4.3)μS;暴露后:(7.4±4.3)μS]均增加(P<0.01).(2)线索暴露中的脑电各项指标δ波、θ波、α波、感觉运动节律(SMR)、低β波和高β波的百分率]均低于诱发前(P<0.01～0.05).(3)心理渴求变化与脑电θ波、α波和SMR呈负相关(相关系数为-0.13、-0.12和-0.12);除肌电、δ波外,上述各电生理指标与皮肤导电性之间呈负相关(Pearson相关系数为-0.18～-0.22);余各项指标间呈正相关.结论 海洛因依赖者暴露在吸毒相关环境时,诱发心理渴求反应增强,并引起多项神经电生理指标的变化.

Neuro-electrophysiological reactions to heroin-related cue in abstinent heroin dependents

Objective To explore the changes of craving and neuro-electrophysiological reactions under the exposure of heroin-related cues in abstinent heroin dependents.Methods In this self-controlled study,382 abstinent heroin dependent patients watched video of heroin smoking and injecting situations,and in the meantime were exposed to herein simulacrum and apparatus after relaxation exercises.The neuroelectrophysiological reactions were mcagured with a multi-biofeedback instrument before and after the cue exposed.Self-reported craving was also assessed before and after cue exposed.Results The craving were increased(18±22)mm vs.(29±29)mm,P＜0.01]after cue exposures compared to pre-exposure,EMG(12±7)μN vs.(14±10)μV,P＜0.01]and SC(6.8±4.3)μS vs.(7.4±4.3)μS,P＜0.01]also increased.But the percentages of δ,θ,α,SMR,low β,high β decreased compared to that under the cue exposures8:(10.8±4.7)%vs.(9.7±4.4)%,P＜0.01;0:(6.8±2.0)%vs.(6.3±2.0)%,P＜0.01;α:(4.8±1.8)%vs.(4.5±1.7)%,P＜0.01;SMR:(3.0 ±1.2)%vs.(2.8±1.2)%,P＜0.01;low β:(2.6±1.1)%vs.(2.5±1.1)%,P＜0.01 and high β:(4.6 ±1.5)%vs.(4.5±1.5)%.P＜0.05].Conclusions The results indicate that drug-related cue induce heroin craving and electrophysiological reactions.