社区成年人群健康生活方式与影响因素研究

目的:了解管辖社区内,成年人健康生活方式状况及影响因素,为今后社区内健康教育与健康促进工作的开展提供政策建议。方法:在北京市海淀区中关村社区卫生服务中心,华清园社区卫生服务站所辖40～69岁人群中,进行随机抽样,共239例,采用问卷调查方式。结果:①调查女性119例(49.79%),男性120例(50.21%),男女在健康生活方式测量指标上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。②4049岁年龄组80例(33.47%)、50～59岁年龄组79例(33.06%)、60～69岁年龄组80例(33.47%),3组健康生活测量指标差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。③不同教育水平和不同婚姻状况分组中,健康生活方式测量指标差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。④慢性病患者152列,总患病率63.60%,患病率随年龄增长而增加。患病率依次为高血压30.92%,高脂血症29.72%,糖尿病14.46%,冠心病7.63%,患病与无病人群健康生活方式测量指标差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。⑤吸烟开始年龄≤20岁,男性31例(25.83%),女性2例(16.81%),两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);40～49岁17例(21.25%),50～59岁6例(7.59%),60～69岁10例(12.50%),3组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:①社区成年人健康生活方式存在差异。②性别、年龄、学历及婚姻对健康生活指标有影响。③慢性病防治要从中、青年人开始,并不断深入强化。④控烟教育应从大、中学生开始,并不断加强。

A cross-sectional study of healthy lifestyle and effect factors of community adults

Objective: To understand healthy lifestyle and effect factors of adults in the community,and to provide suggestions for the future health education and health promotion in the community.Methods: 239 adults between 40 to 69 years old,who are supervised by Huaqingyuan Community Health Service Station of Zhongguancun Community Health Service Center,were invited to participate in questionnaire survey by random sampling method.Results: 119(49.79%) adults are females,where 120(50.21%) adults are males;significant difference of measurement levels of health lifestyle has been observed between males and females(P<0.05).Measurement levels of health lifestyle are different between 80 participants in 40-49 years old(33.47%),79 participants in 50-59 years old(33.06%),and 80 participants in 60-69 years old(33.47%).Significant difference was observed with respect of measurement levels of health lifestyle in different groups of education level or marriage status(P<0.05).152 participants were chronic diseases patients,the prevalence of chronic diseases were 63.60%,and the prevalence increased as age increased.Prevalence of hypertension,hyperlipidemia,diabetes and coronary heart disease were 30.92%,29.72%,14.46%,7.63%,respectively.And significant difference of measurement levels of health lifestyle between people with disease and others were observed.With respect to age of starting smoke before or when they were 20,differences were significant between 31 males(25.83%) and 2 females(16.81%),or among 17 participants in 40-49 years old(21.25%),6 in 50-59 years old(7.59%) and 10 in 60-69 years old(12.50%),with P<0.01 and P<0.05 respectively.Conclusion: Difference was observed in health lifestyle of community adults.Health lifestyle is affected by gender,age,education level and marriage status.Control of chronic disease should be started in adults and young people,and strengthened continually.Smoking control should be started from high school and college,and promoted constantly.