重型颅脑损伤患者院前急救方法探讨

目的 比较7.5％高渗盐溶液和20％甘露醇溶液在对重型颅脑损伤患者院前急救中的预后及不良反应.方法 将重型颅脑损伤患者213例按接诊先后顺序随机分为实验组和对照组,分别予7.5％氯化钠溶液（4ml/kg）和20％甘露醇溶液（4ml/kg）静脉快速滴注,然后分别统计两组伤者中抢救无效的死亡例数以及存活伤者中出现肾功能异常的例数.结果 两组间救治成功率无明显差异（P＞0.05）,而实验组出现肾功能异常的概率更低（P＜0.05）.结论 7.5％高渗氯化钠溶液对重型颅脑损伤的救治效果与20％甘露醇溶液相似,在死亡率方面没有差别,但在肾功能异常发生率方面优于后者.

Pre-hospital care method on patients with severe traumatic brain injury

Objective To compare 7.5% hypertonic saline solution and 20% mannitol solution on patients with severe traumatic brain injury in pre-hospital emergency prognosis and adverse reactions.Methods 213 patients with severe traumatic brain injury were randomly divided into experimental group and control group according to the sequence of house calls,which were intravenously treated with 7.5% sodium chloride solution and 20% mannitol solution,respectively.The death rate and renal function were observed.Results There was no difference of treatment success rate between the two groups.The cases of renal dysfunction of experimental group were less than that of the control group.Conclnsion The effect of 7.5% hypertonic saline solution to treat severe traumatic brain injury is similar to that of 20% mannitol solution.The incidence of renal dysfunction of 7.5 % hypertonic saline solution is lower than that of 20% mannitol solution.