Wire + Arc Additive Manufacturing and Heat Treatment of Super Martensitic Stainless Steel with a Refined Microstructure and Excellent Mechanical Properties |
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Authors: | Xiaodong Zou Ben Niu Linlin Pan Jianglong Yi |
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Institution: | Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding Technology, China-Ukraine Institute of Welding, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 363 Changxing Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China; (X.Z.); (B.N.) |
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Abstract: | Due to the advantages of relatively low cost, increased energy efficiency, increased deposition rate, and the capacity to create medium to large scale components, wire + arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) has gained growing interest. Super martensitic stainless steel (SMSS) combines outstanding strength, ductility, and corrosion resistance, making it a great option for WAAM. In the present work, an SMSS component was successfully produced by WAAM. Additionally, the influence of post-manufactured heat treatment on the microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of SMSS components was systematically examined. A microstructural analysis of the as-printed and heat-treated samples revealed the formation of typical martensite and a small amount of retained austenite. However, the sample heat-treated by solutionizing at 1050 °C for 1 h followed by aging at 400 °C for 2 h exhibited a finer martensitic structure with an effective grain size of 5.6 μm compared to as-printed sample, leading to an increase in ultimate tensile strength from 1054 ± 6 MPa to 1141 ± 3 MPa with a concomitant increase in elongation from 7.8 ± 0.4% to 12.6 ± 0.2%. Additionally, the fracture morphology of the solution + aging sample demonstrated a more uniform distribution and greater mean size of dimples, indicating better ductility. |
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Keywords: | wire + arc additive manufacturing super martensitic stainless steel microstructure solution + aging treatment mechanical properties |
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