药物滥用者心理健康状况及其个性的相关分析

目的:研究吸毒者在劳教戒毒期间的心理健康状况及其与个性的关系。方法:采用心理症状自评量表和卡特尔16种人格因素量表,对劳教戒毒的吸毒者(219例)与对照组(不吸毒的财产型劳教人员209例)的心理健康状况和个性特质进行对比研究,利用多元方差分析和回归分析进行统计处理。结果:相对于财产型劳教人员,吸毒者的敌对和躯体化程度较高(敌对:F[1424]=16·32,P<0·01;躯体化:F[1424]=6·72,P<0·05),并且吸毒与否与性别在心理症状量表总分、躯体化、强迫症状、人际敏感、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执和精神病性上有交互作用,吸毒者中男性的心理症状显著地高于女性;被试的个性特质对他们的心理健康状况具有显著的影响;吸毒者个性特质中的恃强性、兴奋性、敢为性、敏感性、怀疑性和幻想性显著高于对照组,并且吸毒与否与性别在聪慧性上交互作用显著(F[1424]=10·43,P<0·01),女性吸毒者聪慧性更高。结论:劳教戒毒初期的吸毒人员,特别是男性存在更为严重的心理健康问题,并且吸毒者的个性特征对其心理健康状况具有显著的影响。

A CORRELATIONAL STUDY ON DRUG ABUSER''''S MENTAL HEALTH AND PERSONALITY

Objective: To investigate drug absuers′ mental health and its correlation with personality during initial stages of compulsory detoxification. Methods: SCL-90 and 16PF were used to evaluate the mental health of 219 drug abusers under compulsory detoxification and 209 offenders involving property violation under reeducation through labor as control. MANOVA and Linear regression were used to analyze the data. Results: The hostility and somatization of drug abusers were significantly higher than those of the control (hostility: F[1424]= 16.32, P<0.01; somatization: F[1424]= 6.72, P<0.05). The male drug abusers′ mental health condition was significantly worse than that of the females, and the factor abusing drug or not and gender had significant interaction effect on the total score, somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychoticism. The subjects′ mental health condition was significantly affected by their personality traits. The personality differences between drug abusers and the control were more significant in dominance, liveliness, boldness, sensitivity, vigilance, and abstractedness. Compared to the males, the female drug abusers′ intelligence was significantly higher than the female′s in the control group, and the interaction effect was significant ( F[1424]= 10.43, P<0.01). Conclusion: During initial stages of compulsory detoxification, drug abusers, especially males, are usually under very bad mental health condition and their mental heath is significantly correlated with their special personality traits.