非特异性下腰痛护理干预的效果和费用分析

目的评价非特异性下腰痛患者综合护理干预的临床效果和费用。方法将260例非特异性下腰痛患者随机分为研究组和对照组各130例,对研究组进行综合护理干预（心理干预及渐进性锻炼方法）,对照组采取常规护理。采用Zung氏焦虑自评量表（Zung self-anxiety scale,SAS）、抑郁自量表（self-depression scale,SDS）、视觉模拟评分法（visual analog scale,VAS）及生活质量评估表,分别在干预前、干预1年后对两组患者进行评估,并对干预1年时两组患者与下腰痛相关的医疗服务情况及其费用进行分析。结果两组患者干预前SAS和SDS评分与国内常模比较有显著差异（P＜0．01）；干预后,两组患者间SAS和SDS评分、疼痛情况、生活质量及费用比较均有显著差异（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）。结论对患者进行心理干预及渐进性腰背肌、腹肌锻炼结合常规护理的综合干预方法可提高患者的生活质量,降低医疗费用。

Nursing Intervention of Patients with Non-specific Low Back Pain and Analysis of Its Cost

Objective To evaluate the outcomes and costs of nursing intervention of patients with non-spe- cific low back pain (NLBP).Methods 260 patients with NLBP were randomly divided into treatment group and control group.Patients in treatment group were given comprehensive nursing intervention (psycho-intervention and gradual exercise) and those in the control group were given routine care.The life cluality of patients was evaluated by Zung self-anxiety scale (SAS),self-depression scale (SDS) and visual analog scale (VAS) before and 1 year after intervention.The medical service and costs of patients during one year intervention were analyzed and compared in the 2 groups.Results Before intervention, the SAS and SDS scores of the 2 groups were significantly different from the national norm(P<0.01). There were significant differences in SAS and SDS scores,pain,life quality and medical costs between the 2 groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion The comprehensive nursing intervention combining psycho-intervention and gradual muscle exercise can improve life quality and reduce medical cost of NLBP patients.