静脉血栓栓塞症的临床研究

目的提高对深静脉血栓形成（DVT）和肺血栓栓塞症（PTE）的致病因素与临床特点的认识，以利于及早诊治。方法对广州地区确诊DVT与PTE住院患者475例的临床资料做一回顾性分析。结果近15年住院患者中DVT与VIE患者的比例呈上升趋势。这些病例有80．4％显示有危险因素，≥2个危险因素者占44．9％。最常见的危险因素为年龄≥40岁（89．5％）、卧床≥3d（51％）、手术（22．9％）、恶性肿瘤（16．6％）、糖尿病（13．5％）、高血压（10．5％）、外伤（10．5％）等。DVT患者最常见临床症状是患肢肿胀（56．0％）和疼痛（48．5％）。PTE以胸痛（28．1％）和咯血（16．1％）为主。DVT合并PTE占3．5％。DVT累及部位以左下肢多见，好发于近端静脉。DVT与PTE的辅助诊断检查以无创方法为首选。DVT患者抗凝治疗有效率为90．8％，溶检治疗为92．9％。DVT死亡率为6．1％，PTE为18．8％。结论认识DVT—PTE的各种危险因素及临床征象，并利用各种辅助检查，可提高诊断的准确性。及早治疗对该病具有重要意义。

Clinical study on venous thromboembolism

Objective To have a better understanding of the pathogenic risk factor and clinical feature of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE),so as to diagnose and treat these diseases without delay. Methods The clinical data of 475 hospitalized patients with DVT -PTE was retrospectively studied. Results The incidence of hospitalized DVT-PTE patients showed a increasing trend in recent 15 years. 80.4% of the patients had risk factor and 44.9% had at least two risk factors. The most common ...