惠城区城乡居民高血压患者健康管理与遵医行为的调查研究

目的了解惠城区城乡居民高血压的患病率、知晓率、控制率及遵医行为。方法 2013年4～6月以惠城区18岁以上的城乡居民为样本点,采用多阶段随机抽样方法,抽取2个街道办事处的4个居民委员会和2个乡镇4个村民委员会共2800户（城市、农村各1400户）,共计城乡居民7868人（城市居民3632人,农村4236人）进行问卷调查和体格检查,观察其高血压患病率、知晓率、控制率、生存质量及遵医行为。结果 7898名居民中2439例患高血压,高血压患病率为30.9%,男、女分别为35.0%和26.9%。1级高血压1124例,2级高血压899例,3级高血压616例。不同分级的高血压患者高血压知晓率（1级〈2级〈3级）、控制率（1级〉2级〉3级）差异均有高度统计学意义（P〈0.01）。不同分级高血压患者生理健康、心理状况、社会关系、周围环境评分差异有高度统计学意义（P〈0.01）。不同分级的高血压患者完全遵医、部分遵医、不遵医率间差异有高度统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论惠城区城乡居民高血压的知晓率、控制率及遵医率均较低,应合理制订管理档案或治疗方案,以提升居民健康指标。

Research on health management and compliance behavior of urban and rural residents with hypertension in Huicheng District

Objective To understand the hypertension prevalence rate, awareness rate, control rate and compliance behavior of urban and rural residents in Huicheng District. Methods From April to June 2013, the people aged 18 or above of urban and rural residents in Huicheng District were taken as the sample point. Multi-stage random sampling method was used. 2800 households （including urban and rural areas of 1400 households）, a total of 7868 people of urban and rural residents （3632 cases in urban and 4236 cases in rural） from 4 neighborhood committees Of 2 district offices and 4 village committees from 2 townships were conducted a questionnaire survey and physical examination. The prevalence, awareness, treatment and control rates, quality of life, and compliance behavior were observed. Results Of the 7898 cases, 2439 cases had hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension was 30.9% （male was 35.0%, female was 26.9%）. There were 1124 cases in grade 1 hypertension, 899 cases in grade 2 hypertension, and 616 cases in grade 3 hypertension. The awareness rate of hypertension among differ ent grades of hypertension （grade 1 〈 grade 2 〈 grade 3） were statistically significant difference （P 〈 0.01）. The control rate of hypertension among different grades of hypertension （grade 1 〉 grade 2 〉 grade 3） were also statistically significant differ ence （P 〈 0.01）. The scores of physical health, psychological state, social relations, environment were statistically signifi- cant difference among different grades of hypertension （P 〈 0.01）. The rates of fully complied with doctors, partly complied with doctors, did not comply doctors were statistically significant difference among different grades of hypertension （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion The rates of hypertension awareness, control and compliance behavior of urban and rural residents in Huicheng District are low. Managing files or treatment programs should be reasonable formulated to improve population health indicators.