玛咖脂溶性提取物对睡眠剥夺小鼠学习记忆的影响

目的:研究玛咖脂溶性提取物对睡眠剥夺造成的小鼠学习记忆力下降的影响,并对脂溶性成分进行分析。方法:将48只雄性昆明种小鼠随机分为空白组,睡眠剥夺组,玛咖脂溶性提取物低、高剂量(60,200 mg·kg~(-1))组,连续ig给药16 d。实验第13天采用小平台水环境法制备小鼠睡眠剥夺模型,以通道式水迷宫实验测试小鼠睡眠剥夺24,48,72 h的学习记忆能力,观察睡眠剥夺72 h后小鼠脑组织病理学变化并检测脑组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px),脂质过氧化物丙二醛(MDA)含量。用气相色谱-质谱仪(GC-MS)和高效液相色谱仪(HPLC)对玛咖脂溶性成分进行检测。结果:与空白组相比,睡眠剥夺组小鼠水迷宫潜伏期显著延长,盲端错误次数显著增加(P0.05),补充玛咖脂溶性提取物高剂量可显著缩短小鼠在通道式水迷宫中的潜伏期(P0.05),减少盲端错误次数;降低脑组织MDA含量(P0.01),使SOD和GSH-Px活力恢复到正常水平;降低海马组织的损伤。结论:补充含有玛咖酰胺的脂溶性提取物可以缓解睡眠剥夺导致的小鼠学习记忆力的降低和海马组织的损伤,其机制可能与抑制脂质过氧化有关。

Effect of Lepidium meyenii Lipid-soluble Extract on Learning and Memory of Sleep Deprived Mice

Objective:To investigate the effect of Lepidium meyenii lipid-soluble extract on the decline of the learning and memory ability of sleep deprived mice, and analyze the lipid-soluble extract. Method:Totally 48 male Kunming mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, large platform control group, sleep deprivation group, low dose group of L. meyenii lipid-soluble extract (60 mg·kg^-1) and high dose group of L. meyenii lipid-soluble extract (200 mg·kg^-1), they were administrated by lavage for 16 days. On the 13th day, a small platform was used to establish sleep deprivation (SD) model in mice. The ability of learning and memory was tested by channel maze after SD 24, 48, 72 h, and pathological changes of brains were observed after SD 72 h. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in cerebrum were measured. The components of L. meyenii lipid-soluble extract were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Result:Compared with a large platform, the latency to swim out of the water maze and the error times of blind ends increased significantly in the sleep deprivation group (P<0.05). Supplementation with L. meyenii lipid-soluble extract (200 mg·kg^-1) could reduce the latency to swim out of the water maze significantly (P<0.05) and the error times of blind ends. Moreover, the levels of MDA reduced significantly (P<0.01), the activities of SOD and GSH-Px in cerebrum returned to normal. And the damage of hippocampal structures decreased. Conclusion:Supplementation with L. meyenii lipid-soluble extract which contained macamides can improve learning and memory ability and decrease the damage of hippocampal structures in sleep deprived mice, and the mechanism may be correlated with the inhibition of lipid peroxidation.