甲状腺激素及其受体与乳腺癌关系研究进展

目的：对甲状腺激素及其受体与乳腺癌发生发展的关系及其作用机制。方法：应用PubMed期刊全文数据库检索系统，以“乳腺癌、甲状腺激素和甲状腺激素受体”为关键词，检索1896—07—2012—11的相关文献。纳入标准：1）甲状腺激素水平与乳腺癌的关系；2）甲状腺激素受体与乳腺癌的关系；3）甲状腺激素、甲状腺激素受体影响乳腺癌发生发展的作用机制。根据纳入标准符合分析的文献23篇。结果：流行病学研究显示，甲状腺激素水平升高促进乳腺癌发生发展，甲状腺激素水平降低与乳腺癌关系尚无定论。实验研究显示，高甲状腺激素水平可以促进乳腺癌细胞生长，低甲状腺激素水平减缓乳腺癌细胞生长的同时促使其发生上皮～间质转化（epithelial—mesenchymal transition，EMT）现象。另外，细胞内甲状腺激素受体缺失促进乳腺癌发生进展。有研究表明，甲状腺激素及其受体可能通过细胞核、细胞膜、肿瘤微环境及细胞凋亡等各个层面对乳腺癌的发生发展起促进或抑制作用。结论：甲状腺激素及其受体影响乳腺癌发生发展，但其具体作用方式、作用机制尚不完全明确，对其相互作用的研究可能为未来乳腺癌治疗提供新的策略。

Advances in the study of the relationship between thyroid hormone,thyroid hormone receptors and breast cancer

OBJECTIVE： To summarize the relationship between thyroid hormone, thyroid hormone recerptors and breast cancer,and their roles in the tumorigenesis and development of breast cancer. METHODS： The papers from July 1896 to November 2012 were searched with breast cancer,thyroid hormone and thyroid hormone receptor as key words in PubMed databases,and 23 papers were selected according to the following standards..1） relationship between thyroid hor- mone and breast cancer. 2）relationship between thyroid hormone receptors and breast cancer. 3）mechanism of the influence of thyroid hormone and its receptor on breast cancer development. RESULTS： Epidemiology studys demonstrate that high level of thyroid hormone promotes the development of breast cancer while the relationship between low level of thyroid hormone and breast cancer is controversial. Experimental study confirms that thyroid hormone stimulate cell growth while low thyroid hormone levels slow down cell growth with epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The lost of thyroid hormone re- ceptors will facilitate tumorigenesis and develope breast cancer. Thyroid hormone and thyroid hormone receptors affect breast cancer through nuclear membrane, cell membrane, tumor micro-environment and apoptosis of the cancer cells. CON- CLUSIONS： It＇s possible that thyroid hormone and its receptor influence breast cancer tumorigenesis and development with many questions which deserves further exploration. The research on the relationship of thyroid hormone, thyroid hor- mone receptors and breast cancer will provide a new strategy for the treatment of breast cancer.