急性髓系白血病染色体核型异常分析研究

本研究旨在探讨急性髓系白血病染色体核型异常情况。采用直接法或短期培养法制备骨髓细胞染色体，并应用染色体R显带技术对379例患者进行常规细胞遗传学检测。结果表明：379例患者中共检出216例存在克隆性染色体异常，包括19种平衡易位和70种染色体缺失或获得，占所分析患者的56．99％。t（15；17）（95例）为最常见的染色体异常，-Y（22例）为最常见的数目异常，分别占所分析患者的25．86％和5．80％。90．9％的-Y异常与t（8；21）同时出现，占t（8；21）异常的40．81％。各FAB亚型间染色体核型异常存在统计学差异，M3组显著高于其它组（P〈0．05）。男女性别间统计无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论：应用R显带技术可检出56．99％的急性髓细胞白血病患者染色体异常，且主要为染色体特异性重排，部分核型异常与特定的FAB亚型相关，这可有助于急性髓系白血病的诊断及分型。

Analysis of Chromosome Karyotype Abnormality in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

This study was aimed to investigate the characteristics of chromosome karyotype abnormality in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. 379 cases of de novo acute myeloid leukemia were enrolled in this study. Chromosome preparations were made on bone marrow cells by using direct method or short-term culture. Chromosome karyotypes were analyzed by R-banding technique. The results indicated that 216 out of 379 patients had clonal chromosome aberrations with the percentage of 56.99%, including 19 kinds of balanced translocations and 70 kinds of chromosome gain or loss. The most common structure and numerical abnormalities were t（ 15 ; 17 ） and -Y with the percentage of 25.86% and 5.80%, respectively. -Y was accompanied by t（ 8 ;21 ） in 90.9% of the -Y abnormality cases, which accounted for 40.81% of t（8;21 ） positive cases. The abnormality of M3 was significantly higher than the other FAB subtypes（p 〈 0.05 ）. No significance was found between the male and female groups for the chromosome aberrations （p 〉 0.05）. In conclusion, some specific chromosome aberrations are correlated with specific FAB subtype, which may contribute to the clinical diagnosis and subtyping of the disease.