事件相关电位和脑电图对早期痴呆的诊断价值

目的探讨事件相关电位和脑电图对早期痴呆的诊断价值。方法选择2008年6月至2011年7月我院门诊及住院的痴呆患者113例，选择同期健康体检者100名为健康对照组，分别进行P300检测和脑电图检测，比较其差异。结果（1）与健康对照组相比，痴呆组P300潜伏期延长（402．5±37．4）、（320．4±23．5）ms]，差异有统计学意义（t=19．40，P=0．02），P300波幅降低（3．76±1．76）、（5．32±1．38）μV]，差异有统计学意义（t=7．24，P=0．01）。（2）痴呆组脑电图异常68例（60．2％），健康对照组34例（34．0％），脑电图异常率差异有统计学意义（Х^2=13．54，P〈0．01），两组脑电图中度异常26．5％（18／68）与5．9％（2／34）]和重度异常8．8％（6／68）与2．9％（1／34）]比例差异有统计学意义（x2值分别为4．85、1．22，P值均为0．02），轻度异常和界限性比例差异无统计学意义（P均〉0．05）。结论P300是诊断早期痴呆特异性较强的客观指标，脑电图可为痴呆患者脑功能损伤提供依据。

Potential value of event-related potentials and electroencephalogram in the early diagnosis of dementia

Objective To identify the potential value of event-related potentials （ ERPs ） and electroencephalogram（EEG） in early diagnosis of dementia. Methods From June 2008 to July 2011,113 patients with dementia were recruited from First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Meanwhile, 100 healthy individuals conducting physical examination at this hospital were collected as the control group. P300 and EEG were measured in patients and healthy controls. Results （ 1 ） Compared with healthy controls, patients with early diagnosis of dementia had significantly longer latency（402. 5 ± 37.4）ms vs. （320.4 ±23.5）ms：t = 19. 40：P = 0. 02） and lower amolitude of P300 （3.76 ±1.76） μV vs. （5.32 ±1.38）/x V ; t = 7.24 ; P = 0.01 ）. （2） Significant higher proportionof abnormal EEG cases was found in individuals with dementia（68/113,60. 2% ） than that of participants in the healthy control group（ 34/100,34.0% ） （ Х^2 = 13.54, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Specifically,patients with early diagnosis of dementia had significantly higher prevalence of moderate （26. 5 % 18/68 ] vs. 5.9% 2/34 ] ; Х^2 = 4. 85, P = 0.02） and severe （ 8. 8 % 6/68 ] vs. 2. 9% 1/341 ; Х^2 = 1.22, P = 0. 02 ） abnormal EEG than healthy controls, while there were no significant difference of the proportions of mild or borderline abnormal EEG between the two groups （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. Conclusion P300 is an extraordinary objective indicator for early diagnosis of dementia. EEG can provide evidence of impaired brain function for individuals with dementia.