四省市儿童少年瞳距、眶距生长发育调查分析

目的　调查四省市儿童和青少年瞳距、眶距发育情况 ,探讨其生长发育规律。　方法　用横断面调查方法对青岛、开封、厦门和呼和浩特四地区随机抽取 5～ 17岁儿童和青少年 10 171人 ,分别用游标卡尺及 Hertel眼球突出计对瞳距和眶距进行活体测量。　结果　 5～ 17岁儿童少年瞳距 ,男性由 5 2 .4 mm增至 6 1.5 mm,女性由 5 1.9mm增至 5 9.4mm;眶距男性由 86 .3mm增至 98.9mm,女性由 84 .4 mm增至 96 .0 mm。各年龄段瞳距和眶距男性均大于女性。瞳距及眶距增长呈正相关 (r=0 .990 )。　结论　 5～ 17岁儿童少年瞳距和眶距随年龄增长而增大 ,男性 15岁 ,女性 13岁瞳距已达成人水平 ;男女性 13岁眶距均达成人水平。瞳距、眶距男女性别间及四地区间均有显著性差异 (t>3.1,P<0 .0 1)

The Growth of Interpupillary Distance and Interorbital Distance in Teen - agers of Four Cities

Objective To investigate the interpupillary distance (IPD) and interorbital distance (IOD) of children aged 5~17 years old, and to evaluate the IPD and IOD growth regulation. Methods 10,171 children were randomly selected from Qingdao, Kaifeng, Xiamen and Huhehaote, IPD and IOD were measured with caliper and Hertel exophthalmometer separately. Result IPD of the children aged 5~17 years old increases from 52.4mm to 61.5mm , IOD from 86.3mm to 98.9mm in male. In female, IPD from 51.9mm to 59.4mm, IOD from 84.4mm to 96.0mm. There was positive correlation between the devlepment of IPD and IOD(r=0.990). Conclusion The IPD and IOD increases with the ages. IPD reaches adult level at age 15 in male and at age 13 in female, IOD reaches adult level at age 13 in male and female. There were significant differences of IPD and IOD between male and female and among 4 cities(t> 3.1 ,P<0.01).