头孢吡肟对重症监护病房院内感染细菌的体外抗菌活性研究

目的 :观察头孢吡肟对重症监护病房(ICU)院内感染细菌的体外抗菌活性。方法 :以纸片扩散法检测头孢吡肟与其他 15种常用抗菌药对ICU院内细菌感染病人感染部位培养分离出的 174株革兰阴性 (G- )杆菌 ,74株革兰阳性 (G+)球菌体外抗菌活性。结果 :头孢吡肟对G- 杆菌的抗菌活性高于常用第 2代和第 3代头孢菌素 ,与环丙沙星和庆大霉素类似 ,低于亚胺培南 西司他丁、阿米卡星、头孢哌酮 舒巴坦等。头孢吡肟对G+球菌的抗菌活性高于第 2代和第 3代头孢菌素 ,与亚胺培南 西司他丁及阿米卡星和奈替米星类似 ,但对耐甲氧西林的金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌的抗菌活性很低。结论 :在ICU院内感染流行病学监测指导下 ,头孢吡肟可作为经验性治疗院内细菌感染的首选抗生素之一。

In vitro antibacterial activity of cefepime to bacteria of intensive care unit nosocomial infection

AIM: To observe antibacterial activity of cefepime to bacteria of intensive care unit (ICU) nosocomial infection in vitro. METHODS: Kirby Bauer method was used to measure the in vitro antibacterial activity of cefepime and 15 antibacterial agents to one hundred and seventy four gram negative bacilli and seventy four gram positive cocci isolated. RESULTS: Compared with the second generation and third generation cephalosporins, cefepime was clearly more active against gram negative bacilli. Cefepime was as active as ciprofloxacin and gentamicin, less than imipenem, amikacin, piperacillin/tazobactam, cefoperazone/sulbactam and meropenem. Cefepime was also clearly more active against gram positive cocci. Cefepime was as active as imipenem, amikacin and netilmicin. But it was very poor active to methicilin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicilin resistant staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE). CONCLUSION: Cefepime is an effective antibacterial agent for nosocomial infection.