正常胎儿胸腹纵径比、总肺面积和肺纵径与肺发育的相关性研究

目的 应用二维超声观察不同孕周正常胎儿胸腹纵径比、总肺面积及肺纵径的参数值,探讨胎儿胸腹纵径比等参数对评估肺发育的应用价值.方法 对592例正常单胎妊娠18～40周胎儿进行肺二维超声扫查,采用标准四腔心观及胎儿躯干冠状切面,分别测定心脏面积、胸廓面积,肺尖至相应膈肌穹窿顶部的直线距离与膈肌穹窿顶部至胎儿膀胱底部的距离之比(胸腹纵径比),应用相关回归分析拟合总肺面积及肺纵径随孕周增长的回归方程.结果 正常妊娠胎儿总肺面积及肺纵径随着孕龄的增加而增大,总肺面积、肺纵径随着孕周增长的最适回归方程分别为:总肺:y =0.83X +13.894,R2 =0.914；肺纵径:y=0.669 X+3.124,R2=0.892.不同孕周胎儿胸腹纵径比在恒定范围内(0.44～0.59).结论 18～40周胎儿胸腹纵径比在恒定范围内,总肺面积与肺纵径值随孕周增长,上述参数可为产前评估胎肺发育提供有价值的参考指标.

Correlation between chest-abdomen longitudinal diameter ratio,total lung area,lung longitudinal diameter and fetal lung development

Objective To evaluate the application of chest-abdomen longitudinal diameter ratio,total lung area and lung longitudinal diameter in different gestational ages by two-dimensional ultrasonography.Methods Five hundred and ninty-two fetus of normal singleton pregnancy between 18 and 40 weeks were ultrasonic scanned by standard 4-chamber view and fetus torso coronal section.The heart area,thoracic area,bilateral lungs pointed to the corresponding diaphragmatic dome gallery on the top of the vertical distance,diaphragmatic dome iterated top to the bottom of the fetal bladder distance were measured respectively.Related regression analysis was done on fitting total lung area and longitudinal diameter with pregnant increasing.Results A normal pregnancy fetal total lung area and lung longitudinal diameter were increased as long as the gestational age.The best-fit regression equations of total lung area was:Y =0.83 X +13.894,R2 =0.914;Lung longitudinal diameter was:Y =0.669 X + 3.124,R2 =0.892.Chest-abdomen longitudinal diameter ratio from 18 to 40 weeks gestation was in constant range:0.44 - 0.59.Conclusions Chest-abdomen longitudinal diameter ratio from 18 to 40 weeks gestation is in constant range.The normal pregnancy fetal total lung area and lung longitudinal diameter were increased as long as the gestational age.These parameters may be useful for the prenatal assessment of lung development.