胎儿先天性心脏病的超声诊断及分型

目的 探讨胎儿心血管畸形的常见类型、合并畸形及分型价值.方法 行胎儿超声心动图检查孕妇3201例,明确诊断胎儿先天性心脏病239例,其中8例系双胎妊娠中的一胎存在心血管畸形.胎儿出生后半年内进行超声复查.结果 239例中检出复杂先天性心脏病155例,其中检出率较高病种依次为单心室59例、右室双出口29例、房室间隔缺损19例、法洛四联症或五联症12例、永存动脉干11例、右心发育不良综合征6例、完全性大血管转位6例.239例中引产100例,其中病理证实41例;出生16例;待产及失访123例.结论 胎儿心血管畸形以复杂和多种畸形并存多见;本组胎儿先天性心脏病检出率7.47％,复杂先天性心脏病占64.85％.根据胎儿先天性心脏病类型,确定出生后能否手术、矫治术式和预后综合评估分为可根治型、可治姑息型和无法治疗型,这一新的理念将有助于孕妇及家庭作出合理的抉择.

Diagnosis and classification of fetal congenital heart disease by echocardiography

Objective To investigate the common types of fetal cardiac malformations and complicated malformations,and to assess the value of classifying on these types.Methods 3201 pregnant women were undergone with fetal echocardiography (FECG),239 fetuses of them were diagnosed to be suffered with congenital heart disease(CHD),and 8 cases were one of twins with abnormal heart confirmed by FECG.All new-births were examined by echocardiography within half year after their births.Results 155 complex CHD in 239 fetuses were diagnosed by FECG,in them the common malformations were in turn 59 cases with diagnosed univentricular heart,29 cases with double outlet right ventricle,19 with atrio ventricular septum defect,12 with tetralogy of Fallot or quinalogy of Fallot,11 with persistent truncus arteriosus,6 with right ventricular dysplasia syndrome,6 cases transposition of the great vessels.100 cases were induced labor,41 of them were comfirmed by pathology.16 fetuses were born,123 cases were being pregnanted or un-followed up.Conclusions Complex and multi-malformation were common in fetal cardiocascular abnormalities.Diagnosing rate of fetal CHD(FCHD) in our enroll fetuses was 7.47 ％,rate of complex CHD vs CHD was 64.85 ％.According different types of FCHD,able to be operated or not after birth,surgery methods,as well as prognosis evaluations,all FCHD cases were classified into three subtypes:curable type,curable palliative type and untreatable type.This newly viewpoint will help pregnant women and their family to make reasonable selection.