生物工程活性骨的三维建模

目的：探讨一种由螺旋CT图像反求（reverse engineering,RE）人体骨骼表面轮廓的方法，为生物工程活性骨个体化制造三维建模。方法：采用马可尼公司PQ6000螺旋CT对小型猪股骨髁部进行层厚1mm，螺距1．0扫描，以CT机的Voxel Q图像工作站进行初期三维容积重建，之后对重 建数据间隔0．2mm下载二维断层图像。自行开发数据格式转换软件，对下载图像进行滤波、去噪等处理，求出断面图像的二维边缘轮廓矢量化数据线图，将线图输入美国Imageware公司Surfacer9.0图像处理软件，对轮廓曲线进行矢量叠加，进行股骨髁矢量化三维重建。结果：获得了股骨髁表面轮廓三维实体模型，模型与实物高度相似，可编辑性强，可进行生物工程活性骨的计算机辅助设计、制造。结论：由螺旋CT数据进行骨骼外形轮廓的矢量化重建可以获得精确的三维实体模型，为人工生物活性骨制造打下了基础；本方法简单、快捷，重建模型与实物高度相似，在骨科、口腔颌面外科假体个体化制造领域亦有良好的应用前景。

Three-dimensional reconstruction of bone contour for manufacturing artificial bioactive bone

AIM To reconstruct three dimensional (3D) contour image of bone for manufacturing artificial bioactive bone. METHODS Femoral condyle of mini pig was scanned with PQ 6000 spiral computed tomography (CT) with 1.0 slice thickness, pitch of 1.0, and the data obtained were treated in Voxel Q image workstation for primary 3D reconstruction with volume rendering technique. After having been downloaded to personal computer at 0.2 mm interval, the transaxial 2D image data were converted into 2D digitized contour data by using image processing software developed by our group. The 3D wire frame and solid images of femoral condyle were reconstructed when the digitized data were inputted into image processing software of Surfacer 9.0 (Imageware Company. USA). RESULTS The 3D contour image of femoral condyle was presented which can be edited and processed arbitrarily for computer aided design (CAD) of artificial bioactive bone. The 3D solid image is very similar to the femoral condyle of mini pig. CONCLUSION 3D contour image of bone can be obtained by spiral CT scanning, which is the base of study of artificial bioactive bone. In addition, the reconstruction method is simple and can be applied widely in clinical practice of dentistry and orthopaedics.