肺表面活性物质早期防治早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征

目的 探讨肺表面活性物质在防治早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征的转归情况。方法 采用前瞻性临床对照研究方法，将104例早产儿分为PS治疗组和对照组，详述病情评估，用药方法，比较两组机械通气的天数、氧疗时间、住院天数、存活率以及并发呼吸机相关性肺炎、颅内出血、肺出血、肺气漏、支气管肺发育不良（BPD）及呼吸暂停的发生情况。结果 治疗组死亡率及NRDS发生率明显下降，治疗组机械通气的天数、氧疗天数缩短，存活率上升，差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。治疗组合并肺气漏发生率、呼吸机相关性肺炎下降，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论 PS替代治疗RDS可以明显缩短机械通气的天数、氧疗时问及提高存活率，减少并发症，提高了早产儿的生存质量，减少病残率。

An investigation for early prevention of respiratory distress syndrome following pulmonary surfactant therapy in preterm

Objective To investigate the prognosis of respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) following pulmonary surfactant(PS) therapy in prevention and treatment towards the premature infant.Methods The study was a prospective controlled clinical trial.104 cases of premature children were assigned into the PS treatment group and the control group with detailed condition assessment and treatment methods.The number of days of mechanical ventilation,duration of oxygen therapy,hospitalization,survival,and concurrent ventilator-associated pneumonia,intracranial hemorrhage,pulmonary hemorrhage,pulmonary air leak,bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD) and the occurrence of apnea were compared between the two groups.Results Mortality and the incidence of NRDS in the treatment group significantly decreased as compared to control group.The number of days of mechanical ventilation,besides duration of the oxygen therapy,was reduced.The survival rate increased.The differences were significant(P<0.05).Combination therapy and the incidence of pulmonary air leak,ventilator-associated pneumonia decreased;the difference was significant(P<0.05).Conclusion RDS PS replacement therapy can significantly reduce the number of days of mechanical ventilation,duration of oxygen therapy and improve survival and reduce complications and improve quality of life of preterm infants,to reduce morbidity.