汶川地震灾区儿童青少年心理健康状况调查及儿童版事件影响量表测量

目的 使用儿童版事件影响量表(The Children's Revised Impact of Event Scale,CRIES-13)评估地震灾区儿童青少年的心理健康状况,并对该量表进行心理测量学分析.方法 以1337名汶川地震重至极重灾区8～18岁儿童青少年作为被试[年龄(13.6±1.8)岁],在地震后1个月进行CRIES-13评估,2周后重测.对所获数据进行描述性分析、差异性分析、回归分析、因子分析等.结果 (1)CRIES-13总分、闯入因子、回避因子、高觉醒因子得分女性高于男性(z＝-6.95,-6.69,-3.80,-6.21,Ps=0.000);其中总分、闯入因子、高觉醒因子得分有随年龄增加而增加的趋势(χ~2=19.48,20.41,23.65,P_s=0.000);(2)女性、复课时间晚的儿童其CRIES-13总分异常的危险性越高(比值比=1.75、1.03,P_s=0.000);(3)CRIES-13的Cronbach's系数为0.81,重测信度0.79,具有良好的量表内部一致性及内容效度;(4)验证了CRIES-13的3个因子结构,因子结构稳定性较好.结论年龄、性别、复课时间早晚对灾后儿童青少年的心理健康状况存在影响.CRIES-13是良好的评估儿童青少年经历创伤性事件后应激反应程度的筛查工具.

Psychometric properties of the Children's Revised Impact of Event Scale in children from earthquake affected areas

Objective The Children's Revised Impact of Event Scale(CRIES-13)was used to examine the mental health status and related factors in school children exposed to the Wenchuan earthquake,and the psychometric properties of the scale were analyzed.Methods A sample of 1337 school children (aged 8 to 18,mean age:13.6±1.8,male and female ratio of 1:1.04)who experienced the earthquake participated in the study.The 13-item version of the CRIES-13 were used to test these children from the seriously and most seriously affected areas one month after the earthquake,and then retested two weeks later,all the data were statistically analyzed.Results The females had higher total score of CRIES-13 and the intrusion,avoidance,hyperarousal factor scores(z=-6.95,-6.69,-3.80,-6.21,P_s=0.000)than males,and the total score of CRIES-13 and the intrusion,hyperarousal factors were increased with age(X~2=19.48,20.41,23.65,Ps=0.000).When the children back to school,the female and children who had longer interval time were more likely to get a higher CRIES-13 score(OR=1.75,1.03,P_s=0.000).The internal consistency analysis showed that the Cronbach's αof CRIES-13 was 0.81.the test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.79.CRIES-13 had satisfactory internal consistency and convergent validity.Conclusions The mental health statuses of children from the affected area of the earhquake are related to their gender,age and the interval time when they are back to school.The 13-item CRIES have satisfactory psychometric properties as a screening instrument for stress response after traumatic incident.