2011年天津市西青区某街道成人高血压保健知识与行为的现状

目的了解天津市西青区某街道成年人高血压自我保健能力的现状及影响因素。方法采用分阶段系统抽样的方法,抽取8个样本村(街道),以18岁及以上的2 268位成年人为调查对象。采用填写问卷方式进行面对面调查,调查内容包括家庭成员的社会人口学特征与家庭一般状况、健康状况、卫生保健服务、日常行为习惯及高血压的保健知识和技能。结果被调查的全人群中高血压患者为536人,高血压患病率为23.63%。成年人高血压各种相关健康知识的知晓情况相差较大,血压知晓率、高血压的诊断标准、高血压应怎样进行药物治疗的知晓率为高血压患者高于非高血压人群,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);而"食盐量每天不超过多少克"的知晓率为高血压患者低于非高血压人群,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);健康行为因素中吸烟者戒烟行为率比较低,为5.73%;吸烟者戒烟、不饮酒、经常体育锻炼的构成比为高血压患者高于非高血压人群,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。"不吸烟"的构成比为非高血压患者高于高血压人群,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论西青区某街成人已具有一定的高血压防治意识和能力,但是高血压防治知识和改善生活方式等方面仍需要给予具体的指导,不断提高社区居民防治高血压的自我保健能力。

Knowledge and behavior of adults about hypertension care in a subdistrict of Xiqing District of Tianjin City in 2011

[Objective]To understand the present status and its influencing factors of hypertension self-care ability among adults in a subdistrict of Xiqing District of Tianjin City.[Methods]Phased systematic sampling method was adopted to recruit 2 268 adults above 18 years from 8 villages(subdistrict) as study objects.A face-to-face questionnaire survey was adopted to investigate socio-demographic characteristics of the family members and the general condition of family,health status,health care services,daily habits and hypertension care knowledge and skills.[Results] A total of 536 hypertension patients were identified in the surveyed population,with the prevalence of 23.63%.The differences of awareness of hypertension related health knowledge were significant.The awareness of blood pressure,diagnostic criteria for hypertension and how to treatment hypertension with medication of hypertension patients was significantly higher than that of the non-hypertensive population(P<0.05).While the awareness of "standard daily salt consumption" of hypertension patients was significantly lower than that of the non-hypertensive population(P<0.05).Health behavior factor of smokers quitting behavior rate was relatively low among hypertension patients(5.73%).Compared hypertension patients with non-hypertensive population,smoker quitting,no drinking,regular physical exercise constituent ratio were significantly higher in hypertension patients(P<0.05),while the rate of no smoking was significantly higher in non-hypertensive population(P<0.05).[Conclusion]The adults in a subdistrict of Xinqing District possess a certain awareness and ability of hypertension prevention and treatment.But their hypertension control knowledge and lifestyle improvement still need to give specific guidance to improve their hypertension self-care ability