危重病人并发低钠血症和酸碱失衡的探讨

以同期住院病人作对照，研究危重病人的血清电解质和血气分析结果。危重组低钠血症的发生率（135／265，50．9％）明显高于对照组（57／254，22．4％，P＜0．05）；不同类型酸碱失衡的发生率，危重组（106／113，93．8％）亦明显高于对照组（23／32，71．9％，P＜0．05）。危重组患者若并发严重的低钠血症（血钠≤125mmol／L），则病死率较高（26／34，76．5％）。提示重视危重病患者低钠血症和酸碱紊乱的预防和纠正具有重要的临床意义。

A Clinical Study on Hyponatremia and Acid-base Disturbance in Patients with Critical Illness

Results of serum electrolyte and blood-gas analysis between patients with critical illness and other in-patients as controls were compared. The incidence of hyponatremia in critical illness group (135/265, 50. 9 % ) was significantly higher than that in the control (57/254, 22- 4 %, P< 0.0 5 ), and the incidence of various acid-hase disturbances (106/113, 93. 8% ) was also much higher than that of the control (23/32, 71. 0%,P<0. 05), In addition, the mortality of critical care patients was also higher (26/34, 76. 5 % ) with severer hyponatretnia (Na <125mmol/L). This study suggests that the prophylaxis and treatment of hyponatremia and acidbase disorders may play a role in the management of critical illness.