Choice, Isolation, and Preparation of Cells for Bioartificial Vascular
Grafts |
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Authors: | Yasuharu Noishiki Yoshihisa Yamane Takafumi Okoshi Yasuko Tomizawa & Shinichi Satoh |
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Institution: | First Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University,School of Medicine, Yokohama; Division of Surgery, Department of VeterinaryMedicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo; Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Second Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Teikyo; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical College, Tokyo; Second Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan |
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Abstract: | Preparation of cells and tissues for bioartificial vascular grafts is discussed from the viewpoint of tissue engineering. In general, a neointima is not formed on vascular prostheses except at the anastomotic sites. Graft surfaces do not heal and are covered with fresh thrombi for a long period of time after implantation. The delayed healing is, so to speak, an intractable ulcer of the vascular wall. To overcome this problem, we have developed a tissue fragment transplantation method. We consider that neointima formation of vascular prostheses after implantation is a product of tissue engineering in vivo. Therefore, 3 essential elements for tissue engineering, i.e., cells, extracellular matrices, and cytokines, are required for neointima formation. Synthetic vascular prostheses lack one or more of these elements. In this study we demonstrated a standard healing process of fabric vascular prostheses and an antithrombogenic polymer graft using animal models. Then we showed the tissue fragment transplantation method using venous tissues, adipose tissues, and bone marrow. This method provided the 3 essential elements to the prostheses. To allow these elements to be actively engaged in neointima formation, we treated cells and tissues as clumps without enzymatic digestion. We also took advantage of the in vivo environment. With the results we demonstrate our way of thinking in relation to bioartificial vascular grafts. |
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Keywords: | Vascular prostheses Neointima Endothelial cells Tissue engineering Tissue fragment transplantation Bone marrow |
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