云南省普洱市边民艾滋病相关知识及行为调查分析

目的 了解普洱市边民艾滋病基本知识的知晓率和安全套的使用情况,为制定相关的防治措施提供依据.方法 采取整群抽样的方法,在普洱市江城、孟连、澜沧和西盟4个边境县每个县随机抽取1～2个边境乡镇,每个乡镇随机抽取1～2个村民小组.调查人员分为协调组、调查组、实验组和质控组,入户对15 ～60岁的边民进行人口学基本特征、艾滋病相关知识和行为学调查,并采集3 ～5 mL静脉血进行HIV检测,调查结束后用Epi Data 3.0建数据库,用SPSS 15.0进行相关的统计分析.结果 共调查3250名边民,大多为已婚农民,文化素质偏低;艾滋病相关知识知晓率和接受艾滋病相关干预服务情况边4县间差异有统计学意义,艾滋病相关知识知晓率：青年人（66.67％）显著高于中老年人（45.35％）,汉族（58.81％）显著高于少数民族（47.71％）;发生性行为时安全套的使用率均较低,非固定性伴（23.47％）显著高于固定性伴（12.58％）;HIV检出率0.21％.结论 针对边民艾滋病防治工作中存在的薄弱环节,应加强对边境乡镇村民的艾滋病相关知识宣传干预、监测检测和提高免费安全套的可及性.

Investigation on AIDS related knowledge and behaviors among local minority in Puer City,Yunnan Province

Objective To understand AIDS awareness rate of basic knowledge and condom use behavior among lo- cal minority in Puer City, and provide basis for prevention and control measures development. Methods By cluster sam- pling method, 1 -2 town were randomly selected from each county. The investigators were divided into coordination group, investigation group, experimental group and control group. Local minority aged 15 -60 years old were investigated including AIDS related knowledge and behaviors, general information, and 3 - 5 mL of venous blood was collected for HIV tes- ting. Epi Data 3.0 data base was set up after investigation, and SPSS 15.0 was used for correlation analysis. Results A to- tal of 3250 local minorities were investigated, most of them were married farmers and had lower education level. The percent- ages of accepted AIDS intervention services showed remarkable difference among four counties. Awareness rate of AIDS relat- ed knowledge in young people （66. 67% ） was significantly higher than that in the elderly （45.35%） ,Han nationality （58.81%） significantly higher than minority （47. 71% ）. The rate of condom use was low, irregular partners （23.47%） higher than regular partners （ 12. 58% ）. The detection rate of HIV was 0. 21%. Conclusion Based on our findings, AIDS related intervention should be focus on knowledge publicity, strengthening monitoring system and improving free condom ac- cessibility, so as to prevent AIDS rapidly spreading in the border and minority.