北京市 3 类职业人群超重肥胖及其影响因素研究

目的 了解北京市3类职业人群超重肥胖流行状况及其影响因素,为职业人群健康干预提供参考.方法 采用分层整群抽样的方法,在北京市选取4个城区,每个城区选择1～2家单位,共选择6家单位,对单位内所有18 ～60岁职工进行调查.职业涉及公务员、科技人员和企业人员3类.结果 共回收有效问卷1898份,问卷有效率为98.8％.调查对象中男性985人（51.9％）,女性898人（47.3％）;公务员1106人（58.3％）,科技人员432人（22.8％）,企业人员360人（19.0％）.调查对象的超重率为29.8％,肥胖率为9.2％.其中,公务员超重率为31.5％,肥胖率为9.0％;科技人员超重率为31.1％,肥胖率为7.4％;企业人员超重率为22.8％,肥胖率为11.8％.不同职业人群超重肥胖的影响因素分析结果显示,公务员人群中,性别（OR=0.697,95％CI：0.502 ～0.936）、年龄（OR=1.042,95％ CI：1.026～1.058）、饮酒（OR=1.499,95％ CI：1.083 ～1.898）和加班频率（OR=0.830,95％ CI：0.697～0.988）是超重肥胖的影响因素;科技人员中,年龄（OR=1.031,95％ CI：1.010～1.053）、吸烟（OR =0.610,95％ CI：0.236 ～1.577）、工作时间（OR=0.641,95％ CI：0.422～0.974）是超重肥胖的影响因素;企业人员中,性别（OR=0.505,95％ CI：0.288 ～0.886）、年龄（OR=1.033,95％ CI：1.008～1.059）、吸烟（OR=1.630,95％ CI：0.605～4.389）是超重肥胖的影响因素.结论 3类职业人群中的超重和肥胖的流行情况不容忽视,开展健康干预活动刻不容缓.

Prevalence of overweight/obesity and its relevant influencing factors among occupational populations in Beijing

Objective To understand prevalence of overweight and its influencing factors among occupational pop- ulations in Beijing. Methods With muhi-stage stratified sampling, 4 regions were selected in Beijing and one or two units were randomly selected from each region. All of staffs aged 18 -60 years old in 6 units were enrolled including civil servants, technicians and enterprise personnel. Results The valid rate of questionnaire was 98.8%. 1898 persons were investigated including 985 （ 51.9% ） males, 898 females （ 47. 3% ）. 1106 administrative staffs （ 58. 3% ） , 432 technical persons （22. 8% ） and 360 enterprise groups （19. 0% ）. The numbers of civil servants, technical and enterprise personnel were 1106, 432 and 360, respectively. The rates of overweight were 29. 8% and the rates of obesity were 9. 2%. All of them, the rates of overweight and obesity of civil servants were 31.5% and 9. 0% , 31.1% and 7.4% in technical personnel, 22. 8% and 11.8% in enterprise groups, respectively. Logistic multi-factors analysis showed that gender （ OR =0. 697, 95% CI： 0.502-0.936）, age （OR=1.042, 95% CI： 1.026-1.058）, drinking （0R=1.499, 95% CI： 1.083-1.898）, frequency of work overtime （ OR = 0. 830, 95% CI： 0. 697 - 0. 988 ） were irff/uencing factors in civil servants. Age （ OR = 1.031, 95% CI： 1.010-1.053）, smoking （OR=0.610, 95% CI： 0.236-1.577）, work time （0R=0.641, 95% CI：0. 422 -0. 974） were influencing factors in technical staffs. Gender （ OR = 0. 505, 95% C1： O. 288 - 0. 886）, age （ OR = 1. 033, 95% CI： 1. 008 - 1. 059） , smoking （ OR = 1. 630, 95% CI： 0. 605 -4. 389） were influencing factors in enterprise groups. Conduslon Health education and health promotion activities should be enhanced in occupational popula- tions in order to help them establish health habits.