经循证支持健康教育对短暂脑缺血发作患者自我保健意识及心理状况的影响

目的观察经循证支持后健康教育对短暂脑缺血发作患者的效果。方法将鄂州市中心医院神经内科于2010年1月—2012年1月收治的96例短暂脑缺血发作患者,按照时间节点分为实验组（n=54）和对照组（n=42）,实验组实施系统性健康教育及循证支持,对照组常规诊疗,并对其进行为期18个月的随访,比较2组患者随访期间预后转归情况,并电话邀约至该院复查。比较相关临床指标、各项心理状态量表的差异。结果与对照组相比,实验组患者18个月内进展至脑梗死的人数显著降低（6/54 vs11/42,P〈0.05）。实验组患者的体重指数、糖化血红蛋白、平均动脉压、低密度脂蛋白均显著降低（P均〈0.05）;实验组患者SF-36量表、WHOQOL-BREF量表部分项目评分显著升高（P均〈0.05）;实验组患者的HAMA量表、MUIS量表、SCL-90量表均显著降低（P均〈0.05）。结论对短暂脑缺血发作的患者实施健康教育,可增强患者自我保健意识、养成良好生活习惯,从而稳定病情、提高生活质量、稳定心理状态、延缓不良预后进展,值得广为推广。

Effect of Health education on self-care awareness and psychological conditions among the patients with transient ischemic attack

Objective To observe the effectiveness of health education on patients with transient ischemic attack（TIA）.Methods 96 cases of TIA patients who were treated in our department from January 2010 to January 2012 were divided into experimental group（n = 54） and control group（n = 42） depending on whether taken implementation of systematic health education,and the follow-up period was 18 months.The follow-up prognosis outcome in two groups were compared,including clinical indicators,mental state examination.Results Compared with the control group,the number of cerebral infarction in experimental group within 18 months was significantly reduced（6 /54 vs 11 /42,P〈0.05）.In experimental group,BMI,HbA1c,MAP and LDL-C were decreased significantly（P〈0.05）.SF-36 scale,part of the WHOQOLBREF scale scores were significantly elevated（P〈0.05）.HAMA-scale,MUIS scale,SCL-90 scale were significantly decreased（P〈0.05）.Conclusion For patients with TIA,health education can enhance patient self-care awareness,develop good habits,thereby stabilize the disease and improve quality of life,stable mental state,delay the progress of poor prognosis,and it should be promoted widely.