脐血移植治疗血液系统恶性疾病的临床研究进展

异基因造血干细胞移植是治愈血液系统恶性疾病的唯一治疗手段，但常因难以获得人类白细胞抗原(human leukocyte antigen，HLA)相合的造血干细胞而受到限制。脐血含有丰富的造血干细胞，可作为造血干细胞移植的干细胞来源。它具有实物冻存、应用方便以及移植物抗宿主病较轻等优点。近年来，应用脐血移植成功地治疗恶性血液肿瘤的报道愈来愈多，脐血移植的基础研究也获得了较大的进步。现就脐血移植的应用现状、研究进展以及如何选择合适的脐血作一综述。

Clinical research progresses in umbilical cord blood transplantation in the treatment of hematologic malignancies

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the only treatment method to cure hematologic malignancies. However, difficulty in obtaining the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) match donors is a major limitation in this therapeutic strategy. Many studies have demonstrated that umbilical cord blood is rich in hematopoietic stem cells and can be used as a source of stem cells of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Growing evidence also supports the efficacy of cord blood transplantation (CBT) to treat patients with haematological malignancies, and the number of CBTs is rapidly increasing. Compared to other sources of stem cells, umbilical cord blood is physical cryopreserved. Therefore, it is very convenient for transplantation, particular for those who need to receive transplantation sooner. In addition, the incidence and severity of graft versus host disease(GVHD) in CBT are usually relatively lower. Herein, we review considerations regarding status, research progresses and selection of umbilical cord blood in CBT.