农村儿童营养不良相关因素调查及干预策略探讨

为了解儿童营养不良的相关因素，探索用健康教育干预的方法控制儿童营养不良，为制定改善儿童健康的策略提供科学依据，采用健康教育干预的方法，对福建省经济发展水平不同的两个县的所抽学校的小学生进行行为干预，并对实验组和对照组的近2000名学生作问卷调查和体检，同时对其家长调查，以确定干预效果。结果发现干预前小学生及其家长的营养卫生知晓率低下，小学生营养不良率达36．8％，缺铁性贫血患病率达42．5％。经过干预，缺铁性贫血患病率下降3．7％，营养不良率下降8．6％。健康教育是改善儿童营养状况的有效手段，应加强对小学生及其家长营养知识教育和行为干预。

The Situation and Intervention Strategy of Malnutrition Control among Young Students in Rural Areas

To study the existing situation of malnutrition among students in rural areas and to explore the strategy on prevention and control. Measures that we have taken on health education,include giving education lectures,releasing reading materials,discussing with parents,training teacher and so on. The results shows that malnutrition rate of young students has been reduced from 36.8% to 28.2% ; the rate of anemia has been reduced from 42.5% to 37.8% .Our conclusions is that health education is an effective methodology to control malnutrition.