海洛因依赖者自杀意念、性别差异和人际关系的研究

目的:探究海洛因依赖者的自杀意念及相关情况。方法:根据症状自评量表(SCL-90)中的自杀意念变量将样本分为无自杀意念组与自杀意念组,作自杀意念与吸毒方式、戒毒月数、性别、文化等分类变量的卡方检验。对有自杀意念以不同方式吸毒的男、女吸毒者的90项症状进行t检验。结果:烫吸组比静注组自杀意念高(P<0.05),戒毒第一个月自杀意念最高,而后逐月降低(P<0.05),女性吸毒者比男性吸毒者自杀意念高(P<0.05),初中文化吸毒者自杀意念最高,其次是高中、大专以上文化,小学和文盲最低(P<0.05)。烫吸组有自杀意念的性别间90项症状比较,女性有43项症状比男性严重(P<0.05)。结论:吸毒者自杀意念女性较男性高,戒毒第一个月有较高的自杀风险,随着戒毒时间延长,自杀意念逐渐降低,文化程度和吸毒方式与自杀意念有一定关系。有自杀意念、烫吸方式吸毒的女性海洛因依赖者的人际关系比同组的男性差。

Study on Suicide Ideation, Gender Difference and Interpersonal Relations of Heroin Addicts

Objective: To study the suicide ideation and its relevant situation of heroin addicts. Methods: According to suicide ideation variables in SCL-90, the cases were divided into two groups: one with suicide ideation and the other without suicide ideation. Differences between suicide ideation and ways of drug-taking, detoxification duration, gender and education were compared by Chi-square test. 90 symptoms of male and female heroin addicts with suicide ideation and different ways of drug-abuse were tested by t-test. Results: The suicide ideation was higher in the group of injecting drug users compared with "chasing the dragon" (P < 0.05). The suicide ideation was the highest in the first detoxification month, and then decreased month by month (P < 0.05). The suicide ideation was higher in females than males (P < 0.05). The suicide ideation was highest in those addicts with middle school education, and followed by those received high school and college education, those who received primary school education or illiterate were the least (P < 0.05). In comparison of 90 symptoms of the group "chasing the dragon" with suicide ideation , 43 symptoms of female addicts were worse than that of the male ones (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The suicide ideation of female addicts was higher than that of male ones. The suicide danger is the highest in the first detoxification month. The suicide ideation decreased gradually with detoxification time. Education and drug-abuse method are partially related with the suicide ideation. The interpersonal relations of the female addicts with suicide ideation and "chasing the dragon" are worse than the male ones .