重症监护室高危新生儿听力筛查的护理

目的总结新生儿重症监护室(NICU)中高危新生儿听力筛查的护理要点,探讨与听力异常有关的高危因素。方法采用畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)对NICU中高危新生儿进行听力筛查,未通过者进行复筛;选取产科出生正常足月儿作为对照。结果检测NICU中205例高危新生儿,初筛异常68例,占33.2%;复筛68例,异常13例,占19.1%;对照组正常足月儿182例,初筛异常18例,占9.9%;18例复筛全部通过。结论NICU中高危新生儿是发生听力筛查异常的高危人群。做好筛查前环境及仪器准备、维持新生儿良好的筛查状态、选择合适的筛查时机是新生儿听力筛查顺利进行的保障。

Nursing of newborn infants in ICU during hearing screen

Objective To summarize the nursing essentials of hearing screen of high-risk neonates in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and to explore the high-risk factors related to hearing disorders. Methods The hearing screen was conducted in the high-risk neonates of NICU using the distortion products otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE). Cases without passing the screen was given the screen again. The selected normal full-term newborns from the department of obstetrics and gynecology were used as the control group. Results Among the 205 high-risk neonates in NICU, the abnormal cases were 68 in the first screen, accounting for 33.2%. The 68 abnormal cases were conducted the second screen, and there were 13 abnormal cases, accounting for 19.1%. The normal full-term newborns in the control group were 182 cases, and the abnormal cases were 18 in the first screen, accounting for 9.9%. All the 18 cases passed the second screen. Conclusions The high-risk neonates in NICU are the high-risk populations who are prone to occur an abnormal hearing. The guarantee for ensuring a successful hearing screen includes doing the environmental and instrumental preparations before the screen, maintaining a good screen state and selecting an appropriate screen time.