泽泻肾毒性研究

目的:探讨泽泻水煎剂对肾脏的可能毒性作用。方法:雄性SD大鼠随机分成A组(正常鼠)、B组(正常鼠 泽泻水煎剂20g/kg·d灌胃2月)、C组(正常鼠 泽泻水煎剂50g/kg·d灌胃1周)、D组(1/2肾切除鼠)、E组(1/2肾切除鼠 泽泻水煎剂20g/kg·d灌胃2月)、F组(1/2肾切除鼠 泽泻水煎剂50g/kg·d灌胃1周)。分别在灌胃1周和2月后留取尿、血、肾组织标本,作24h尿量、尿液常规、血肌酐和病理检查。结果:(1)实验一周和二月后,D、E、F组肾重/体重比值均较A、B、C组显著增加;(2)实验一周和二月后,各组之间尿常规检查无明显差异,但实验二月后E组24h尿量较A、D组显著增多;(3)实验一周和二月后,各组之间血肌酐检查无明显差异;(4)F组一周后和E组二月后肾组织光镜下可见肾间质炎性细胞浸润及肾小管内管型,而A、B、C、D组无明显改变。结论:泽泻水煎剂对正常大鼠肾脏并无明显毒性作用,但可致1/2肾切除大鼠残肾间质炎症细胞浸润和小管损害。

Experimental studies of nephrotoxicity induced by Alisma orientalis in rats

Objective:To discuss nephrotoxicity induced by Alisma orientalis.Methods:Fifty male SD rats were randomly divided into six groups:(1) normal control(Group A),(2)normal rats fed with the decoction of Alisma orientalis 20g/kg.d for two monthes(Group B),(3) normal rats fed with the decoction of Alisma orientalis 50g/kg.d for one week(Group C),(4)rats after uninephrectomy(Group D),(5) rats after uninephrectomy,fed with the decoction of Alisma orientalis 20g/kg.d for two monthes(Group E),(6) rats after uninephrectomy,fed with the decoction of Alisma orientalis 50g/kg.d for one week(Group F).After one week and two monthes of feeding,blood sample,urine sample and renal tissure were obtained for urine routine,serum creatinine and pathological tests.Results:(1) After one week and two monthes of feeding,the ratio of renal weight to body weight in Group D,E,F were significantly higher than in Group A,B,C(P<0.05,0.01).(2)There was no significant difference among six groups in urine routine test after one week and two monthes of feeding.But after two monthes of feeding,the 24h urine volume in Group E was remarkably increased compared with Group A,D(P<0.01,0.05).(3)There was no significant difference among six groups in serum creatinine test after one week and two monthes of feeding.(4)The cell infiltration in the interstitium and the cast in the tubule were observed in Group E after two monthes of feeding and in Group F after one week of feeding.There was no significant pathological changes in other groups.Conclusion:The decoction of Alisma orientalis has no significant renal toxicity on normal rats.But it causes the tubular and interstitial injury in rats after uinnephrectomy,and can't improve the compensatory hypertrophy of the solitary kidney.