北京市西城区在职人群常见慢性病患病现状及危险因素分析

目的探讨北京市西城区在职人群常见慢性病患病现状及其相关危险因素，为在职人群慢性病防治提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法对辖区15岁以上常住居民进行抽样调查。回收有效问卷33936份。本研究利用上述数据对其中12980名18--60岁在职人员进行分析。结果在职人群主要慢性病患病前8位的疾病依次为高血压、血脂异常、糖尿病、慢性骨关节病、冠心病、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）、慢性肾炎、脑卒中，患病率依次为11．20％、5．37％、2．43％、1．59％、1．19％、0．96％、0．71％和0．29％。以是否患有高血压、血脂异常或糖尿病为因变量进行多因素非条件logistic回归分析，发现体质指数（BMI）、年龄、男性、吸烟、饮酒、高盐饮食和不良情绪是在职人群三类慢性病患病的危险因素。结论高血压、血脂异常和糖尿病是危害在职人群健康的主要慢性病，应加强对在职人群的健康教育和行为干预，积极探索在职人群的健康管理模式。

Analysis on the prevalence of chronic disease and risk factors among employees in Xicheng district of Beijing

Objective To understand the prevalence of non-communicable chronic diseases and risk factors a- mong employees in Xicheng district, Beijing. Methods A stratified multi-stage cluster random sampling was used to select residents aged over 15 years in Xicheng district. Among them, a total of 12980 eligible sub- jects aged 18-60 years were enrolled in the study and their survey information were analyzed. Results The top 8 major chronic diseases found among employees were hypertension （11.20%）, hyperlipidaemia （5. 370/00）, diabetes （2.43%）, chronic arthropathy （1.59%）, coronary heart disease （1.19%）, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） （0.96 % ）, chronic glomerulonephritis（0.71 % ） and stroke （0.29 % ） . Logistic regression analysis showed that body mass index （BMI）, age, male, smoking, drinking, high-salt diet and bad mood were risk factors of hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and diabetes among employees. Conclusions Hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and diabetes are three major chronic diseases threatening the health of employees, therefore, health education and behavioral intervention are important methods to help to im- prove their health conditions.