腹腔镜子宫全切除术216例临床分析

目的探讨应用腹腔镜行子宫全切除术的安全性及效果。方法对自2002年3月至2004年3月,于腹腔镜下行全子宫切除的216例患者的资料进行回顾性分析。患者平均年龄45.5岁(38～60岁);其中功能失调性子宫出血24例,子宫内膜不典型增生5例,子宫肌瘤139例,子宫腺肌病46例,子宫颈原位癌2例。216例患者中,曾有下腹部手术史36例。腹腔镜下行子宫全切除均由超声刀完成,切除的子宫经阴道取出,并于腹腔镜下缝合阴道断端及膀胱腹膜反折。结果216例患者均于腹腔镜下完成手术,无一例转为开腹手术。216例中,103例行单纯子宫切除术;113例同时行下列手术,即行单侧或双侧附件切除术23例,卵巢囊肿剔除术36例,盆腔粘连松解术54例。手术时间平均为(103±35)min,出血量平均为(83±45)ml(60～300ml)。术后住院时间2～11d,平均为(5.3±1.9)d。术中发生膀胱穿孔1例,经腹腔镜下行缝合修补。术后发生膀胱阴道瘘2例、输尿管阴道瘘1例,均经保守治疗后治愈。结论腹腔镜子宫全切除术是一种安全、有效的术式。为子宫切除提供了一种可选择的方法。

Analysis of 216 cases of total laparoscopic hysterectomy

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness and safety of total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH). METHODS: A retrospective study of laparoscopic hysterectomy was conducted in this setting. From March 2002 through March 2004, 216 women were subjected to TLH. The average age of the patients was 45.5 years (38-60 years). Out of the 216 patients, 24 had dysfunctional uterine bleeding, 5 atypical endometrial hyperplasia, 139 uterine fibroid, 46 adenomyosis, 2 cervical carcinoma in situ and 36 had a previous lower abdominal surgery. The TLH was carried out using ultrasonic scalpel and the amputated uterus was removed transvaginally. The vagina and peritoneum were closed under laparoscopy. RESULTS: Of the 216 cases who underwent TLH, 23 had bilateral adnexectomy, 36 had ovarian cystectomy, and 54 had adhesiolysis simultaneously. No case was converted to laparotomy. The mean operating time was (103 +/- 35) min. The average amount of blood loss was 83 +/- 45 ml (60-320 ml) during operation. The average hospital stay after operation was (5.3 +/- 1.9) days. There were 4 patients with urinary tract injury in this study population. One bladder perforation was found during operation and repaired under laparoscopy. Two patients had vesicovaginal fistula formation. One ureteral-vaginal fistula was found after operation. The fistula was all closed spontaneously with a prolonged catheter drainage. CONCLUSIONS: TLH appears a safe, effective and reproducible procedure. It is an alternative method for those women who need hysterotomy.