青春期学生膳食营养状况对骨量的影响

目的研究学生青春期膳食营养状况对骨量的影响,以增加骨峰值,预防骨质疏松的发生.方法抽取贵阳某高等院校239名青春期学生进行一般情况和食物摄入情况调查,再从摄入豆类、奶类和同时摄入豆类、奶类的学生中抽取60人分为3组,用双能X线骨密度仪测定前臂1/3处骨密度(BMD)及骨矿化物含量(BMC).结果 60例学生的热能及多种营养素的摄入水平很低,尤其是钙摄入量仅占现行供给标准的39%;结果还显示BMD降低率高达58.3%.3组学生的BMD、BMC差异无显著性.BMC、BMD与身高、体重及食物中蛋白质、能量、钙、磷等摄入量呈正相关.结论骨量较低与其膳食营养素摄入低有关.应加强营养宣教,提高膳食营养状况以增加骨量.

Effect of Dietary Nutritional Status During Puberty on Bone Mass

Objective To investigate the effect of dietary nutritional status during puberty on bone mass, to increase peak bone mass, and to prevent the occurrence of osteoporosis. Methods The general information and food-frequency during puberty were collected using a questionnaire in 239 adolescents aged 18-20 years. Sixty subjects (30 girls and 30 boys) were drawn to divide into 3 groups based on the intake of soybean foods, the intake of diary foods and the intake of soybean foods and diary foods at the same time dunng puberty. Bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptionmetry at distal third of left forearm. Results The intakes of energy and most nutrients was deficient among 60 subjects. Calcium intake accounted for 39% of corresponding recommended nutrients intake (RNI). About 58.3% of subjects had decreased BMD. The differences in BMD and BMC were insignificant among 3 groups. BMC and BMD were correlated positively with height, weight, intakes of protein, energy, calcium, phosphorus and so on. Conclusion There is a positive correlation between bone mass and intakes of nutrients. Nutrition education should be given to adolescents to improve their nutritional status and increase their bone mass.