模糊数学法综合评价化工企业职业危害的研究

目的用模糊数学法对职业危害作出更客观,更全面的评价。方法选择3家同类化工企业并确定其主要职业危害因素,进行5个月跟踪调查,对毒物浓度、粉尘、浓度、噪声进行测量并记录检测结果,同时记录工作场所内接触危害因素的人员数。对数据进行整理,采用模糊数学法进行评估。结果两家私营企业危害程度明显高于国有企业,究其原因,社会对职业危害的认识不足,投资者为降低成本,设厂时没有设置相应防护措施;同时乡镇企业的无序发展促进了职业危害的扩散。结论本文将模糊数学引入职业危害评价,通过对某市化工企业的调查采样,既可对单一企业有害因素作出全面,切合实际的评价,又可进行企业间横向对比,找出合理措施和漏洞,为促进整个行业的职业安全提供参照。

Research on the evaluation of occupational hazards in chemical industry with the method of fuzzy mathematics

Objective To access occupational harmful factors comprehensively and systematically with fuzzy mathematics. Methods 3 similar chemical factories were investigated for 5 months and main occupational harmful factors were found out; the concentrations of poisonous substances were measured, the concentrations of dust and the levels of noise were detected; meanwhile the number of workers exposed to occupational hazards were recorded; the data was processed and appraised by the method of fuzzy mathematics. Results The occupational harmful degrees of two private factories were obviously higher than that of the state factory. The reasons were that the cognition of occupational hazard was not enough, that, for saving their costs, investors did not establish relevant protective measures.Futhermore, the disordered development of township and village enterprises accelerated the dispersion of occupational hazards. Conclusion This paper used the method of fuzzy mathematics to evaluate occupational hazards. Through the investigation and sampling in chemical enterprise in a city, it can make comprehensive and practical assessment to a single enterprise or make transverse contrast between enterprises to find rational actions and deficiencies. Moreover, it can provide reference to the occupational safety of the whole relevant industry.