喂哺用具的改革与预防新生儿乳头错觉的临床研究

目的　客观评价补奶方法 ,研究最适宜于新生儿的喂哺用具 ,以有效预防新生儿乳头错觉 ,切实提高母乳喂养率。方法　将 30 0例暂时乳汁不足需要补奶的婴儿随机分组 ,分别选用WHO所推荐的小杯、小匙和WHO所禁用的奶瓶、奶头 ,以及自己配制的一次性输液软管 ,连接吸有奶液的注射器 ,固定于母亲乳头旁 ,使婴儿直接吸吮母亲乳头获取乳汁 ,观察新生儿乳头错觉发生情况及母乳充盈时间和完全母乳喂养时间 ,获得数据以统计学方法处理。结果　小杯、小匙喂哺法 ,乳头错觉发生 6 1例 ,母乳充盈和完全母乳喂养时间为产后 6 2h、5 6h。奶瓶、奶头喂哺法乳头错觉发生 4 8例 ,母乳充盈和完全母乳喂养时间为产后 6 0h、5 4h。注射器连接软管喂哺法乳头错觉发生仅为 2例 ,母乳充盈及完全母乳喂养时间各为 38h、2 9h ,P<0 .0 1。结论　一次性输液软管连接注射器的喂哺方法 ,既能很好地落实早吸吮 ,促进母乳分泌 ,又能有效防止新生儿乳头错觉发生 ,且操作简单、方便、安全 ,是科学的喂哺方法及用具。

The Clinical Study on the Reform of Lactation Utensil and the Prevention of Newborns` Nipple Illusion

Objective The goal of the study was to interrogate the best lactation utensil for newborns with different ways of breast-feeding, which could prevent the newborns` nipple illusion and improve the rate of breast feeding. Methods A total of 300 newborns without enough lacto were randomly divided into A, B and C group with 100 cases each. Self made disposable soft tubes connected to syringes were used in group A, nipple tips and nipple bottles prohibited by WHO (World Health Organization) were used in group B, and small cups and spoons recommended by WHO in group C. The cases in which nipple illusion happened, the full time of lacto filling and the full time of breast feeding were observed to evaluate the effects of different ways. Results There were 61 cases in which nipple illusion happened in group B, 48 cases in group C and only 2 cases in group A. The full time of lacto filling and the full time of breast feeding were 62 hours and 56 hours after delivery respectively in group B, 60 hours and 54 hours in group C, and only 38 hours and 29 hours in group A (P<0.01). Conclusions To use disposable soft tubes connected to infusion syringes is the best way to promote newborns' early time sucking and lacto excretion and what is more, to prevent newborns' nipple illusion.