城市居民3年自杀情况分析研究

目的探讨上海市杨浦区1997～1999年居民自杀死亡的综合因素。方法通过对3年内在公安局所登记的区域内自杀死亡居民资料，分析不同年龄、性别、自杀方式，以及与自杀相关因素的特点。结果杨浦区居民3年间平均自杀率为8.6/10万， 25～34岁青年组（12.1/10万）及65岁以上老年组（20.3/10万），为高自杀年龄段，但需引起重视的是16岁以下的自杀率（2.8/10万）呈上升趋势，男女自杀率比例为1.25:1，男性自杀方式以自缢、跳楼等激烈性方法为多，女性以非激烈性方法为多（χ2=4.87，P<0.05）。因疾病原因自杀者在<55岁年龄中以精神疾病为主，>55岁年龄中以躯体疾病为多（χ2=12.17，P<0.01）。结论城市青少年和青壮年年龄段自杀率呈上升趋势，且男性自杀率大于女性，提示必须重视社会干预，减少自杀发生率。

Suicide rates in a community people of Shanghai between 1997 and 1999

Objective　The authors reviewed the suicide rates of Yangpu District of Shanghai in 1997, 1998 and 1999, and tried to find what social and psychological risk factors are related to suicide.Method　The data came from the District of Public Security Organs,which had quite detailed records of every suicidal case. The general information of each case included: age, gender, methods of suicide,and social life and other anticipant. Results　The average yearly suicide rate is 8.6/100000, and the ratio of men to women is 1.25 to 1.Two peaks of suicide rates are found that young people aged 25～34 years old (12.1/100,000) and elderly people aged over 65 years old(20.3/100,000).Hanging and jumping from height are more common used by the male suicides,while the overdose of drugs and gas are common used by females. Conclusion　Suicide is an important mental health and social problem, and should be paid more attention since the rakes among young people are increasing, and there are a lot of unclear reasons and questions needed to answer and study in the future.