西北贫困县儿童群体营养状况分析

目的　了解西北农村 3岁以下儿童的群体营养和生长发育状况及其关系 ,比较几年来的变化 ,对整体干预的效果进行评价。方法　从 1999～ 2 0 0 1年对西部 16个贫困县进行多阶段随机抽样的横断面调查 ,以身高和体重作为衡量儿童营养状况的指标。结果　 1999年西部地区 3岁以下儿童生长迟缓 (HAZ <-2 )、低体重 (WAZ <-2 )和消瘦 (WHZ <-2 )的总患病率分别为 19 4% ,18 2 %和 5 8% ,2 0 0 1年分别为 18 2 % ,15 1%和 4 2 % ,地区间有显著性差异 ,与美国国家卫生统计中心 (NCHS) /WHO标准分布比较 ,西部儿童HAZ和WAZ的分布显著左移 ,提示西部16个县 3岁以下儿童整体的营养状况仍然较差 ,但逐年改善。结论　应更加深入全面地开展营养健康教育 ,提高家长的喂养保健知识 ,加强儿童常见病的防治 ;在儿童的营养状况整体监护的同时 ,重点监护问题儿童是改善儿童群体营养状况的有效途径

Analysis on nutritional status of children in poor counties of the northwest

Objective To find out the public nutritional status of ch ildren under 3 years old in northwest China,compare the difference between diffe rent year and evaluate the effect of the public nutritional intervention. Methods Under design of cross-sectional study and randoml y sampling a survey was conducted every year for three times,height and weight w ere used as measurement of nutrition condition of children. Results The prevalences of stunting(Height for Age Z-scor e<-2),Underweight(Weight for Age Z-score<-2) and wasting(Weight for Height Z-sco re<-2) were 19.4%,18.2%,5.8% respectively in 1999 and 18.2%,15.1%,4.2% in 2001. Compared with reference distribution of NCHS/WHO,the distribution of HAZ and WAZ shifted left significantly,which indicated that the nutrition status of the ent ire children was poor and prevalence of malnutrition was higher in the area. Conclusion The health education of nutrition should be in tensified,woman's knowledge about health care and prevention should be improved and the common diseases for children should be controlled.In addition,it should be noticed that an intervention is required for the nutrition status of the enti re children and it is an efficient way to pay much attention to those with sever ely nutritional deficiency.