骨科植入物的抗腐蚀性能

背景:源于医用金属材料的电化学溶解,以及与磨损交互作用造成的腐蚀破坏,影响着这些置入材料的使用功能及寿命。目的:评论骨科植入物的抗腐蚀性能。方法:以"金属材料,腐蚀,生物相容性;corrode,metal material,orthopedic implants"为关键词,采用计算机检索PubMed数据库、维普数据库1995-01/2011-10有关骨科植入物抗腐蚀性应用的文章。结果与结论:生物医用金属材料包括不锈钢材料、镁及镁合金材料、钛及镍钛合金。目前医用金属材料应用中的主要问题是:由于生理环境的腐蚀,会造成金属离子向周围组织扩散及置入材料自身性质的蜕变,前者可能导致毒副作用,而后者常常导致材料植入失败。因此医用金属材料要满足临床应用,其首要条件是应具有生物相容性和生物安全性,其次是要有良好的耐腐蚀性及力学性能。

Corrosion resistance of orthopedic implants

BACKGROUND:The practical function and service life of the implant materials are affected by electrochemical dissolution of biomedical metallic materials and corrosion damage caused by attrition interaction.OBJECTIVE:To review the corrosion resistance of orthopedic implants.METHODS:A computer-based online search of PubMed database and VIP database was performed for articles related to the corrosion resistance of orthopedic implants,published between January 1995 and October 2011,with the key words of "corrode","metal material" and "orthopedic implants" in English and Chinese.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Biomedical metallic materials include stainless steel materials,Magnesian and Magnesium alloys materials,titanium materials and Nitinol.The main problem existing in the application of biomedical metallic materials is that the corrosion of the physical environment will cause metal ions to diffuse into the surrounding tissues and property transformations of the implanted material itself.The former may lead to toxic effects while the latter frequently leads to the failure of the material implantation.Therefore to satisfy the demand of clinical medical applications,first of all,the biomedical metallic materials should have biocompatibility and biological safety;second,they should have good corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.