基于2016—2020年学生健康监测探讨COVID-19疫情对苏州市6~12岁儿童BMI的影响

  目的  COVID-19疫情改变了儿童生活方式，本文旨在探讨COVID-19疫情对儿童BMI的影响。  方法  基于苏州市儿童青少年健康监测项目，回顾性收集2016—2020年40所小学，共计331 341人次学生BMI监测数据，比较2016—2020年BMI-Z评分和超重肥胖率的变化趋势。  结果  平均每年监测人数为66 868人。2020年BMI-Z评分明显增高(0.580)，高于2016—2019年的最高值(0.427)，增高0.158(95% CI: 0.144~0.171, P < 0.001)；男生的BMI-Z评分增幅高于女生，城市高于乡村，低年龄组高于高年龄组(均有P < 0.001)。2016—2020年，随着年份增加，超重肥胖率增加，消瘦率降低(趋势性χ2=595.834, P < 0.001)，2020年肥胖率明显高于2016—2019年最高值(15.9% vs. 12.9%, χ2=253.616, P < 0.001)，不同性别和地区呈现相同变化趋势。Logistic回归分析模型显示，和2016年比，2017—2019年肥胖情况未呈现明显差异，2020年肥胖率明显升高(OR=1.323, 95% CI: 1.280~1.366)。  结论  COVID-19疫情加速了苏州市6~12岁儿童BMI的增加。做好疫情防控的同时，应关注儿童持续增加的超重肥胖率。

Evaluation of influences of COVID-19 pandemic on body mass index among 6-12 years children in Suzhou:Based on Student Health Monitoring Program from 2016 to 2020

  Objective  The COVID-19 pandemic has influenced all aspects of children life. This study aims to explore the pandemic-related body mass index (BMI) changes in children.  Methods  Based on the Health Promotion Program for Children and Adolescents in Suzhou of China, 331 341 BMI data of 40 primary schools were retrospectively collected from 2016 to 2020. The BMI-Z score and overweight/obesity prevalence were compared from 2016 to 2020.  Results  Mean participants per year was 66 868. Overall mean BMI-Z score increased from 0.427 (highest during 2016 to 2019) to 0.580 in 2020, resulting in a rise of 0.158 (95% CI: 0.144-0.171, P < 0.001). Increases in BMI-Z score were higher among boys, urban areas, and lower age groups (all P < 0.001). From 2016 to 2020, the prevalence of overweight and obesity increased, while thinness prevalence declined (χ_trend2=595.834, P < 0.001). The prevalence of obesity increased from 12.9% (highest during 2016 to 2019) to 15.9% in 2020 (χ2=253.616, P < 0.001), same results were found among different gender and region groups. Compared to 2016, the prevalence of obesity in 2017, 2018, and 2019 did not show significant differences, while a significant increase was found in 2020 (OR=1.323, 95% CI: 1.280-1.366).  Conclusions  COVID-19 pandemic accelerated BMI gains among 6-12 years old children in Suzhou. Progressively increased prevalence of overweight/obesity should be draw attention when conducting epidemic prevention and control.