泸州市青少年膳食模式与超重肥胖的相关性研究

目的  探讨泸州市青少年膳食模式与超重和肥胖的关系，为青少年的膳食干预提供理论依据。方法  通过多阶段分层整群抽样，于泸州市抽取3 869名青少年作为调查对象；通过问卷调查收集调查对象的基本信息、膳食习惯，并通过膳食频率法获取调查对象近1年内摄取各种食物的频率以及每次的摄入量；采用因子分析法提取泸州市青少年的膳食模式，并通过多因素Logistic回归分析模型探讨青少年膳食模式与超重肥胖发生风险的相关性。结果  泸州市青少年存在3种膳食模式，分别为蔬菜水果膳食模式，速食食品膳食模式以及主食肉类膳食模式。Logistic回归分析模型分析结果显示，在调整混杂因素后，与速食食品膳食模式高分组相比，随着分值的降低，肥胖发生的风险增加(中高分组OR=0.59, 95% CI: 0.36~0.97, P=0.041；中低分组OR=0.60, 95% CI: 0.36~0.99, P=0.046)。结论  青少年的膳食模式和肥胖之间有相关性，相关部门应加强健康教育和膳食干预，优化青少年膳食模式，促进青少年健康成长。

Association between dietary patterns and overweight/obesity among adolescents in Luzhou

  Objective  This study aimed to analyze the association between dietary patterns and overweight/obesity among adolescents in Luzhou City and providing a theoretical basis for adolescents' dietary intervention.  Methods  A total of 3 869 adolescents in Luzhou City were recruited by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling. The basic information and dietary habits of the respondents was collected through questionnaire, and the frequency and amount of various food intakes by the respondents in the past year was obtained by diet frequency method. Factor analysis was used to extract the dietary patterns of adolescents in Luzhou. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the correlation between dietary patterns and overweight/obesity of adolescents.  Results  Three dietary patterns (vegetable-fruit dietary pattern, fast-food dietary pattern and staple-meat dietary pattern)were found among adolescents in Luzhou. The results of Logistic regressive model analysis showed that comparing with the highest score group of fast-food dietary pattern, the risk of obesity increases as the score decreasing after adjusting the confounding factors (the higher group OR=0.59, 95% CI: 0.36-0.97, P=0.041; the lower group OR=0.60, 95% CI: 0.36-0.99, P=0.046).  Conclusions  There is a correlation between adolescents' dietary patterns and obesity. Health education and dietary interventions should be strengthened by relevant departments to optimize the dietary patterns of adolescents and promote them to grow healthily.