Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus diagnosed during pregnancy: a clinical and prognostic study |
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Authors: | Dr K Buschard P Hougaard L Mølsted-Pedersen C Kühl |
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Institution: | (1) Diabetes Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen;(2) Novo Research Institute, Bagsværd, Denmark;(3) The Bartholin Institute, Kommunehospitalet, DK-1399 Copenhagen K, Denmark |
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Abstract: | Summary The study concerns the clinical outcome and later prognosis (regarding permanent insulin treatment) of patients who develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus during pregnancy (which is different from gestational diabetes). Sixty-three such patients (27±1 (SEM) years old) were delivered at the Copenhagen Centre for Diabetes and Pregnancy during the years 1966–1980. Obstetric complications such as toxaemia were seen in 9.5% of these study patients and the perinatal mortality was 6.3%, both percentages being higher than in the general population (1.1%,p<10–7 and 1.0%,p<10–3, respectively), but similar to those observed in patients with Type 1 diabetes diagnosed before pregnancy. In contrast, the frequency of malformations was 1.6%, the same as in the general population (1.4%), but lowerthan that seen in patients with long-standing diabetes (8.3%,p<0.05). At follow-up examination 8±1 years after diagnosis all patients were diabetic; 77% were insulin treated, having no or virtually no residual B-cell function, and were clearly Type 1 diabetic patients. After delivery 80% of the patients had a remission period (median 256 days) without insulin treatment. This remission period was absent or shortest in patients with the following characteristics (p 0.03): low age, first parity, not overweight, and high blood glucose level at diagnosis. These prognostic parameters should be considered in obligatory, clinical follow-up plans for such patients. |
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Keywords: | Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus pregnancy prognostic parameters |
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