云南丽江地区药物滥用情况调查

目的··:了解云南省丽江地区药物滥用特点及一般情况。方法·· :采用自拟的《药物滥用情况调查表》,对丽江地区强制戒毒所收治的50例戒毒者进行调查。调查内容包括吸毒者的人口学特征以及成瘾药物的种类、用量,初始吸毒的时间、用量,吸毒方式,初始药物滥用原因,复吸原因等。结果··:50例被调查者全部为海洛因滥用者,其中男性49例,女性1例,平均年龄26.6a±s5.4a ;民族 :汉族10例,纳西族28例,彝族5例,其它少数民族3例 ,其余不详 ;多数吸毒者 (82 % )初始吸毒时间在1996年3月 -2000年5月 ;滥用的其它成瘾药物有:哌替啶(6.1 %)、美沙酮(4.1 %)、二氢埃托啡(2.0%)、地西泮(2.0 %)、三唑仑(2.0 %)等 ;初始吸毒方式主要是烫吸(占68.8 %),后来多转为注射(67.3%) ;有26.5%的人在吸毒前不知道吸毒违法,30%的人不知道毒品对身体的危害,60 %的人不知道吸毒会传染艾滋病;在复吸原因调查中,以“回到以前的毒友中,受到影响”最高(占92.0 %),87.5 %的人“认为戒不掉毒或把握不住自己”的最主要原因是环境因素。结论··:此调查反映了丽江地区药物滥用的一般情况。鉴于该地区日益严重的药物滥用问题 ,建议政府部门从打击毒品犯罪和预防药物滥用两方面加大禁毒力度 ,遏制药物滥用蔓延。

DRUG ABUSE IN LIJIANG YUNNAN

Objective: To survey the characteristics of drug abuse in Lijiang Yunnan Province. Methods: A survey was carried out among 50 drug abusers who took detoxification in Lijiang Compulsory Detoxification Institute with a self-reported questionnaire. The contents of the questionnaire included the demographic characteristics, varieties and quantities of drugs abused, the time and frequency of initial use, the administration routes, reasons of drug abuse and relapse. Results: They were all heroin abusers, including 49 males and 1 female. The average age was 26.6 a±s 5.4 a. Several nationalities were involved, including 10 Hans, 28 Naxi, 5 Yi and 3 other minorities and the rest was unknown. Most of them began to take drugs from March 1996 to May 2000. Besides heroin, dolantin (6.1%), methadone (4.1%), DHE (2.0%), diazepam (2.0%), triazolam (2.0%) were also abused. Snorting was the main route adopted at the beginning, and then 67.3% changed into injection (iv or im). 26.5% users didn't know that drug abuse was forbidden; 30% users were not aware of the harm drugs would do to health, and 60.0% didn't realize that HIV could be transmitted through drug abuse. Most of the drug abusers felt surrounding was the main factor causing relapse. Conclusion: The situation of drug abuse in Lijiang Yunnan was disclosed in this survey. As drug abuse problem is getting serious in this region, the government should take effective measures to strike drug crimes and give proper education to prevent the problem.