颈动脉粥样硬化和脑梗死的相关性研究

目的研究颈动脉粥样硬化病变特点和颈动脉内膜中层厚度（IMT）与脑梗死的关系。方法 2010年10月—2012年3月,对观察组80例急性脑梗死患者和对照组80例同期体检的健康者进行颈动脉彩色多普勒超声检查,检查双侧颈总动脉、颈动脉分叉和颈内动脉IMT和颈动脉粥样硬化斑块情况。结果观察者组颈动脉粥样硬化检出率为76.2%,以软斑、混合斑为主;对照组颈动脉粥样硬化检出率为38.8%,以硬斑为主,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。观察组颈总动脉、颈动脉分叉和颈内动脉IMT均显著大于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成是造成脑梗死的主要原因,颈动脉超声检查能准确显示斑块的形态、大小、位置及管腔的狭窄程度,对脑梗死的早期预防和治疗具有重要的临床价值。

The Relationship between Carotid Atherosclerosis and Cerebral Infarction

Objective To study the relationship between cerebral infarction and carotid atherosclerotic plaque feature,carotid intima-media thickness（IMT）.Methods 80 patients with cerebral infarction（observation group） and 80 healthy physical examinees（control group） were examined by color Doppler ultrasonograph,the IMT of bilateral common carotid artery,carotid bifurcation and internal carotid artery,carotid atherosclerotic plaque feature were observed.Results The detection rate of carotid atherosclerotic plaque in observation group was76.2% ;most of them were soft plaque and mixed plaque.The detection rate of carotid atherosclerotic plaque in control group was 38.8% ;most of them were hard plaque.The detection rate in observation group was significantly higher than in control group（P 0.05）.The IMT of common carotid artery,carotid bifurcation and internal carotid artery in observation group were significantly higher than in control group（P 0.05）.Conclusion Formation of carotid atherosclerotic plaque is the main cause of cerebral infarction.Carotid ultrasonograph can exactly show the shape,size,position of plaque and degree of lumina stenosis,has an important clinical value in prevention and treatment of cerebral infarction.