调节性T细胞与肿瘤免疫的研究进展

调节性T细胞（Treg）是指能识别靶细胞主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）分子所提呈的T细胞受体（TCR）—抗原肽，并发挥一定免疫抑制功能的T细胞。按其来源分为天然调节性T细胞（nTreg）和诱导调节性T细胞（iTreg）。nTreg细胞对维持正常机体外周免疫耐受和免疫应答稳态起着至关重要的作用，而iTreg细胞在肿瘤的发生、发展过程中有着重要的临床意义，其具有高度免疫抑制功能，可以下调机体的抗肿瘤免疫反应。目前来说，两者的之间的界限并不明确，有一定的重叠。本文就Treg细胞分子表型的多样性及其与肿瘤预后和免疫治疗的临床进展等作一综述。

The progression of regulatory T cells and tumor immunity

Regulatory T cells（Treg） play a dominant role in self-tolerance and control of autoimmune diseases. These cells also play a pivotal role in chronic inflammation and cancer by limiting immune activation and specific immune response. The study shows Treg can be divided into two subsets including natural（n） Treg and inducible（i） Treg. Natural（n） Treg is normally responsible for maintaining peripheral tolerance and immune balance in healthy individuals. Inducible（i） Treg is highly suppressive, therapy-re- sistant Treg which down-regulate anti-tumor immune responses and promote tumor growth. But this division of labor between nTreg and iTreg is not absolute, and overlap may be common, This review is aim to discuss the phenotypic diversity and plasticity of the Treg, and then investigate the relationship between Treg and tumor prognosis and immunity therapy.