缺血性结肠炎的内镜及临床特点

目的 总结缺血性结肠炎的内镜及临床特点。探讨其早期诊断方法。方法 收集分析1975年6月至2000年12月经结肠镜发现，病理确诊的36例缺血性结肠炎的相关资料。所有病例均在腹痛等症状出现后5d内行全结肠内镜及病理检查，并于首次检测后2周至2个月内复查大肠镜，部分病例取病变黏膜活检，观察其内镜下表现及临床病理特点。结果 经结肠镜检查确诊的36例缺血性结肠炎患者，男12例，女24例，年龄为35-84岁，平均年龄为60.5岁，其中50岁以上31例，临床主要表现为腹痛，血便及腹泻等，病变多数位于左半结肠。一过性炎症型者30例，狭窄型5例，仅有1例坏疽型，病理学表现无特异性，结论 早期行结肠镜检查是诊断缺血性结肠炎的主要方法。

Endoscopic and clinical features of ischemic colitis

Objective To evaluate clinical and endoscopic characteristics of ischemic colitis (IC), and to explore the methods for the early diagnosis of IC. Methods Thirty six patients diagnosed as IC in Hua dong Hospital from June 1975 to December 2000 were reviewed. All patients underwent colonoscopy with biopsy within 5 days of symptoms, and repeated the exam in 2 weeks to 2 months. Results Of the 36 cases (12 men and 24 women, average age 60.5 years old, range 35 84), 31 were over 50 years of age. IC usually presented with sudden onset of left lower quadrant abdominal pain, diarrhea and hematochezia. Patients' ischemic lesions were most often on the left colon. It consisted transient or reversible colitis in 30 cases, stricture colitis in 5 cases and gangrene colitis in only 1 case. Morphologic changes varied with the duration and severity of the injury. Conclusion Colonoscopy with biopsy is the main method for the diagnosis of IC. It should be performed in the early stage of the onset of symptoms.