西昌市邛海湿地生态建设对血吸虫病流行影响的研究

目的研究西昌市邛海湿地生态建设对当地血吸虫病流行的影响,为制定相关防治对策提供科学依据。方法对邛海湿地生态建设的过程及方法回溯调查,并对邛海湿地建设涉及的11个血吸虫病流行村开展人群血吸虫感染情况和钉螺监测,了解湿地建设前后生态环境变化对螺情和病情的影响。结果邛海湿地建设前,对周边环境进行了灭螺,并对常住居民以吡喹酮进行扩大化疗,建成后的湿地道路、沟渠硬化。人群血吸虫感染率从2009年的0.37%下降到2014年的0。螺情监测未发现血吸虫感染性钉螺,近2年未发现钉螺,哨鼠传播风险监测,未发现血吸虫感染性小鼠。结论邛海湿地建设有效消灭了湿地内原有的钉螺,在一定程度上阻断了血吸虫病的传播。但是建成后的湿地环境更适宜钉螺孳生和扩散,因此仍需加强监测。

Impact of ecological protection construction on schistosomiasis transmission of Qionghai Lake wetland in Xichang City

Objective Objective To understand the impact of Qionghai Lake wetland ecological protection construction on the preva? lence of schistosomiasis，so as to provide the evidence for formulating the strategies for schistosomiasis control and prevention. Methods Methods A retrospective survey of the construction of Qionghai Lake wetland was performed，and eleven villages around the wetland were surveyed for schistosomiasis endemic situation. The influence of the wetland project on the schistosomiasis preva? lence and Oncomelania hupensis snail status were investigated. Results Results Before the construction of Qionghai Lake wetland，the snail elimination and extended chemotherapy for residents was performed. After the project was finished，the roads and ditches were hardened. From 2009 to 2014，the schistosome infection rate of residents declined from 0.37% to 0. No schistosome infect? ed snails were found and in recent 2 years，no snails were found. No mice were infected in the sentinel tests. Conclusions Conclusions The construction of Qionghai Lake wetland effectively eliminates snails，and interrupts the transmission of schistosomiasis. Howev? er，the environment of the wetland is more suitable for snail breeding，and therefore，the surveillance still should be strength? ened.