荆岑DY-1型血防灭螺药液专用喷洒机研制与应用

目的研制荆岑DY-1型血防灭螺药液专用喷洒机(荆岑DY-1型喷洒灭螺机),评价其现场应用效果,并分析其成本。方法采用现有动力牵引机为载体,将相关机、电设备和容器等,经传动轴、管线和电线连接成整体,使其具有载人运药、发电取水、电机搅拌母液、循环调匀药液、喷枪喷药等功能。测试药液容量、注水流量,喷枪流量、射程与行进速度。检测不同时段罐内及喷枪口药液浓度。通过现场试验,评价其灭螺效果,并进行成本分析。结果该机储药罐容量1 800 L,注水流量400 L/min,标准喷枪喷药流量110~200L/min、射程19.70~23.50m,施药效率6 000m~2/h,施药宽度(m):行进速度(m/min)=1:200。母液循环5 mim时储液罐上、中、下层药液平均浓度为(1 030.39±43.00)mg/L,变异系数(CV)为4.17%。现场喷洒2、4、6、8、9 min,药液平均浓度为(953.00±68.87)mg/L,CV为7.22%;喷洒结束后罐体残留药液浓度为1 000.43 mg/L,达到有效灭螺浓度。现场喷洒灭螺后7 d,活螺平均密度较施药前下降88.20%,钉螺校正死亡率为87.65%。该机单位成本为0.086 7元/m~2,较传统的液药式灭螺机成本下降58.20%。结论荆岑DY-1型喷洒灭螺机集多种设备于一体,能有效控制施药浓度和剂量,省力、高效、成本低、适应性强,具有现场推广应用价值。

Development and application of Jingcen DY-1 spraying tanker for Oncome-lania hupensis snail control

Objective Objective To develop a Jingcen DY?1 type spraying tanker for Oncomelania hupensis snail control and evaluateits effect of field application as well as the cost. Methods Methods The currently available tractor was used as a vector，and the mechan?ical and electrical equipments and containers were integrated with shafts，pipelines and electric lines to produce a spraying tank?er for snail control，with the functions of carrying people and molluscicides，generating electric power and getting water，mixingstocking solutions，adjusting molluscicide solutions evenly，and spraying drugs. The volume of the molluscicide solution，flowrate of water injection，and the flow rate，range and advance speed of the spray gun were tested，and the solution concentrationsof molluscicide in the tanker and at the muzzle of the spray gun at different time were detected. Meanwhile，the molluscicidal ef?fect and cost of the spraying tanker were analyzed by the field test. Results Results The volume of the liquid storage pot of the JingcenDY?1 type spraying tanker was 1 800 L，the flow rate of water injection was 400 L/min，the flow rate and the spray range of thestandard spray gun were 110-200 L/min and 19.70-23.50 m，respectively，the efficiency of drug spraying of the spraying tankerwas 6 000 m2/h，and the ratio of spray width（m）to march speed（m/min）was 1 ∶200. When 5 min post mother liquid recirculat?ing，the average concentration of the molluscicide at the upper?，middle? and lower?layers of the liquid storage pot was（1 030.39 ± 43.00）mg/L，with a variation coefficient of 4.17%. The average concentration of the molluscicide in the sprayingprocess（spraying for 2，4，6，8，9 min）was（953.00 ± 68.87） mg/L，with a variation coefficient of 7.22%. The concentration ofthe residual drug in the liquid storage pot post spraying was 1 000.43 mg/L，which reached the effect concentration for snail con?trol. After spraying for 7 days in the field，the average density of living snails reduced by 88.20% as compared to that beforespraying，and the adjusted mortality of snails was 87.65%. The unit cost of Jingcen DY?1 spraying tanker was 0.086 7 Yuan/m2，which reduced by 58.20% as compared to that of the conventional spraying tanker. Conclusions Conclusions Jingcen DY?1 type sprayingtanker for snail control which integrates various equipments together can effectively control the concentration and dose of the mol?luscicide，and the machine is labor?saving，efficient，economic and well adapted，and is worthy to be widely applied.